Walter Heather L, Docherty Carrie L, Schrader John
Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA.
J Dance Med Sci. 2011 Jun;15(2):61-4.
Reports in the literature suggest an abundance of lower extremity injuries in ballet dancers; however, few studies have identified the underlying causes of these injuries. Excessive ground reaction forces and shoe type are two potential contributing factors. Eighteen collegiate female ballet majors volunteered for this study. Each participant performed 12 trials of a basic ballet jump, six trials in flat shoes and 6 trials in pointe shoes, landing on a force plate. Ground reaction force (Newtons) and jump height (centimeters) were assessed for each trial. The mean ground reaction force and jump height for each shoe condition was used for statistical analysis. Two dependent t-tests were conducted to determine differences between the shoe types, one for ground reaction force and one for jump height. Alpha level was set at p < .05. We found that the ground reaction force was significantly higher when landing in flat shoes than in pointe shoes (p = .003). There was no significant difference in jump height between the two shoe conditions. This leads us to believe that the increase in ground reaction force was produced primarily by the shoe type.
文献报道表明芭蕾舞演员下肢损伤情况较多；然而，很少有研究确定这些损伤的潜在原因。过大的地面反作用力和鞋的类型是两个潜在的影响因素。18名大学女芭蕾舞专业学生自愿参与本研究。每位参与者进行12次基本芭蕾舞跳跃试验，6次穿平底鞋试验，6次穿足尖鞋试验，落在测力板上。每次试验评估地面反作用力（牛顿）和跳跃高度（厘米）。每种鞋的条件下的平均地面反作用力和跳跃高度用于统计分析。进行了两次配对t检验以确定鞋类之间的差异，一次针对地面反作用力，一次针对跳跃高度。显著性水平设定为p < 0.05。我们发现，穿平底鞋落地时的地面反作用力明显高于穿足尖鞋时（p = 0.003）。两种鞋的条件下跳跃高度没有显著差异。这使我们相信地面反作用力的增加主要是由鞋的类型导致的。
