Centre de recherche de l'institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Canada.
Sociol Health Illn. 2012 Mar;34(3):315-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9566.2011.01371.x. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
Many individuals living in residential care use a wheelchair as their primary means of mobility. Although studies have documented challenges encountered by residents in these facilities, few have addressed the role that wheelchairs, as potential enablers and barriers to mobility and participation, play in their lives. To better understand residents' experiences, an ethnographic study was conducted drawing on Bourdieu's theoretical constructs of capital, field, and habitus. Participant observations were conducted at two facilities, and residents, family members and staff took part in in-depth individual interviews. Our analysis revealed three themes. Ready to roll detailed how residents used wheelchairs as a source of comfort and means for expanding their social space, while staff could use them as a means to move and control some residents. Squeaky wheels described how residents solicited assistance from staff and family amid having to wait to perform activities of daily living. In, out and about revealed diversity in the places residents went, spaces they shared and the social activities in which they engaged inside and outside their residential facilities. The study findings emphasise how wheelchairs constitute capital that governs many fields of practice for residents and staff and suggest how practice and policy might be adjusted.
许多居住在养老院的人将轮椅作为他们主要的移动工具。虽然有研究记录了居住在这些设施中的居民所面临的挑战，但很少有研究关注轮椅作为促进和阻碍移动和参与的潜在因素在他们生活中所扮演的角色。为了更好地了解居民的体验，我们进行了一项民族志研究，借鉴了布迪厄的资本、场域和惯习的理论概念。在两个设施进行了参与式观察，居民、家庭成员和工作人员参与了深入的个人访谈。我们的分析揭示了三个主题。“准备好滚动”详细描述了居民如何将轮椅作为舒适的来源和扩大社交空间的手段，而工作人员可以将其作为移动和控制一些居民的手段。“吱吱作响的轮子”描述了居民在等待日常生活活动时如何向工作人员和家人寻求帮助。“进出”揭示了居民在居住设施内外去的地方、他们共享的空间以及他们参与的社会活动的多样性。研究结果强调了轮椅作为居民和工作人员实践领域的资本的重要性，并提出了如何调整实践和政策的建议。
