Division of Biobehavioral & Health Sciences School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 2011 Dec;67(12):2741-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05749.x. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
This discussion paper reports development of a model to advance nursing science and practice in trauma care based on an analysis of the literature and expert opinion.
The continuum of clinical care provided to trauma patients extends from the time of injury through to long-term recovery and final outcomes. Nurses bring a unique expertise to meet the complex physical and psychosocial needs of trauma patients and their families to influence outcomes across this entire continuum.
Literature was obtained by searching CINAHL, PubMed and OvidMedline databases for 1990-2010. Search terms included trauma, nursing, scope of practice and role, with results restricted to those published in English. Manual searches of relevant journals and websites were undertaken.
Core concepts in this trauma outcomes model include environment, person/family, structured care settings, long-term outcomes and nursing interventions. The relationships between each of these concepts extend across all phases of care. Intermediate outcomes are achieved in each phase of care and influence and have congruence with long-term outcomes. Implications for policy and practice. This model is intended to provide a framework to assist trauma nurses and researchers to consider the injured person in the context of the social, economic, cultural and physical environment from which they come and the long-term goals that each person has during recovery. The entire model requires testing in research and assessment of its practical contribution to practice.
Planning and integrating care across the trauma continuum and recognition of the role of the injured person's background, family and resources will lead to improved long-term outcomes.
本讨论文件报告了一种模型的开发，该模型基于文献分析和专家意见，旨在促进创伤护理中的护理科学和实践。
为创伤患者提供的临床护理连续体从受伤时间延伸到长期康复和最终结果。护士具有独特的专业知识，可满足创伤患者及其家属的复杂身体和心理社会需求，从而影响整个连续体的结果。
通过在 CINAHL、PubMed 和 OvidMedline 数据库中搜索 1990-2010 年的文献，获得了文献。搜索词包括创伤、护理、实践范围和角色，结果仅限于以英文发表的文献。还进行了对相关期刊和网站的手动搜索。
这个创伤结果模型中的核心概念包括环境、人/家庭、结构化护理环境、长期结果和护理干预。这些概念中的每一个之间的关系都延伸到护理的所有阶段。在每个护理阶段都可以实现中间结果，并影响和与长期结果相一致。对政策和实践的影响。该模型旨在提供一个框架，帮助创伤护士和研究人员从他们所处的社会、经济、文化和物理环境以及每个人在康复期间的长期目标的角度来考虑受伤者。整个模型需要在研究中进行测试，并评估其对实践的实际贡献。
规划和整合整个创伤连续体的护理，并认识到受伤者背景、家庭和资源的作用，将导致长期结果的改善。
