Worthington Zoë E V, Van Rooijen Nico, Carbonetti Nicholas H
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2011 Oct;63(1):119-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00836.x. Epub 2011 Jul 29.
The epidemiological and pathogenic relationship between Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis, the two causes of whooping cough (pertussis), is unclear. We hypothesized that B. pertussis, due to its immunosuppressive activities, might enhance B. parapertussis infection when the two species were present in a coinfection of the respiratory tract. The dynamics of this relationship were examined using the mouse intranasal inoculation model. Infection of the mouse respiratory tract by B. parapertussis was not only enhanced by the presence of B. pertussis, but B. parapertussis significantly outcompeted B. pertussis in this model. Staggered inoculation of the two organisms revealed that the advantage for B. parapertussis is established at an early stage of infection. Coadministration of PT enhanced B. parapertussis single infection, but had no effect on mixed infections. Mixed infection with a PT-deficient B. pertussis strain did not enhance B. parapertussis infection. Interestingly, the depletion of airway macrophages reversed the competitive relationship between these two organisms, but the depletion of neutrophils had no effect on mixed infection or B. parapertussis infection. We conclude that B. pertussis, through the action of PT, can enhance a B. parapertussis infection, possibly by an inhibitory effect on innate immunity.
百日咳的两种致病源，百日咳博德特氏菌和副百日咳博德特氏菌之间的流行病学及致病关系尚不清楚。我们推测，由于其免疫抑制活性，当呼吸道同时感染这两种菌时，百日咳博德特氏菌可能会增强副百日咳博德特氏菌的感染。利用小鼠鼻内接种模型研究了这种关系的动态变化。副百日咳博德特氏菌对小鼠呼吸道的感染不仅因百日咳博德特氏菌的存在而增强，而且在该模型中副百日咳博德特氏菌显著胜过百日咳博德特氏菌。两种菌交错接种显示，副百日咳博德特氏菌的优势在感染早期就已确立。同时给予百日咳毒素增强了副百日咳博德特氏菌的单一感染，但对混合感染没有影响。与缺乏百日咳毒素的百日咳博德特氏菌菌株混合感染并没有增强副百日咳博德特氏菌的感染。有趣的是，气道巨噬细胞的耗竭逆转了这两种菌之间的竞争关系，但中性粒细胞的耗竭对混合感染或副百日咳博德特氏菌感染没有影响。我们得出结论，百日咳博德特氏菌通过百日咳毒素的作用，可以增强副百日咳博德特氏菌的感染，可能是通过对先天免疫的抑制作用。
