Wenzel Jennifer, Shaha Maya, Klimmek Rachel, Krumm Sharon
Department of Acute and Chronic Care, School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2011 Jul;38(4):E272-82. doi: 10.1188/11.ONF.E272-E282.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To determine facilitators and barriers to managing patient loss from the combined perspectives of oncology nurses and to extract essential components of a supportive intervention.
Qualitative, descriptive.
The comprehensive National Cancer Institute-designated cancer center of a mid-Atlantic university teaching hospital.
34 nurses from inpatient and outpatient adult and pediatric oncology units.
Focus groups were held with oncology staff nurses to identify challenges regarding work-related bereavement, current support for managing grief and loss, and how to support interpersonal functioning and resiliency.
Work-related bereavement, bereavement support, and interventions and management strategies for bereavement and loss.
Two primary themes emerged: dimensions of work-related loss and working through bereavement. Participants also provided many concrete suggestions for the creation of a supportive self-care environment.
Support issues were numerous, multilevel, and varied. However, addressing those concerns can improve job satisfaction and decrease compassion fatigue. The findings lay the foundation for appropriate interventions to assist nurses in managing those situations.
Administrators, managers, and individuals interested in furthering the multifaceted goals of oncology care, including nurses themselves, are challenged to create and maintain mutually supportive environments for providing optimal care to patients and families.
目的/目标：从肿瘤护理人员的综合视角确定管理患者流失的促进因素和障碍，并提取支持性干预措施的关键要素。
定性、描述性研究。
大西洋中部一所大学教学医院的综合性国立癌症研究所指定癌症中心。
来自成人及儿科住院和门诊肿瘤科室的34名护士。
与肿瘤科室的在职护士进行焦点小组讨论，以确定与工作相关的丧亲之痛方面的挑战、当前对处理悲伤和失落情绪的支持情况，以及如何支持人际功能和恢复力。
与工作相关的丧亲之痛、丧亲之痛支持，以及丧亲与失落的干预措施和管理策略。
出现了两个主要主题：与工作相关的失落维度以及度过丧亲之痛的过程。参与者还为营造支持性的自我护理环境提供了许多具体建议。
支持问题众多、涉及多个层面且各不相同。然而，解决这些问题可以提高工作满意度并减少同情疲劳。研究结果为协助护士应对这些情况的适当干预措施奠定了基础。
管理人员、经理以及对推进肿瘤护理多方面目标感兴趣的个人，包括护士自身，面临着为向患者及其家属提供最佳护理而创建和维持相互支持环境的挑战。
