Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UR016 CCPV/UMR MIVEGEC, Montpellier, France.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Jun;5(6):e1202. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001202. Epub 2011 Jun 21.
Dengue fever is reemerging on the island of Martinique and is a serious threat for the human population. During dengue epidemics, adult Aedes aegypti control with pyrethroid space sprays is implemented in order to rapidly reduce transmission. Unfortunately, vector control programs are facing operational challenges with the emergence of pyrethroid resistant Ae. aegypti populations.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To assess the impact of pyrethroid resistance on the efficacy of treatments, applications of deltamethrin and natural pyrethrins were performed with vehicle-mounted thermal foggers in 9 localities of Martinique, where Ae. aegypti populations are strongly resistant to pyrethroids. Efficacy was assessed by monitoring mortality rates of naturally resistant and laboratory susceptible mosquitoes placed in sentinel cages. Before, during and after spraying, larval and adult densities were estimated. Results showed high mortality rates of susceptible sentinel mosquitoes treated with deltamethrin while resistant mosquitoes exhibited very low mortality. There was no reduction of either larval or adult Ae. aegypti population densities after treatments.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first documented evidence that pyrethroid resistance impedes dengue vector control using pyrethroid-based treatments. These results emphasize the need for alternative tools and strategies for dengue control programs.
登革热在马提尼克岛重新出现，对人类构成严重威胁。在登革热流行期间，为了迅速降低传播风险，会采用拟除虫菊酯空间喷雾来控制成年埃及伊蚊。不幸的是，随着对拟除虫菊酯具有抗性的埃及伊蚊种群的出现，病媒控制项目面临着操作上的挑战。
方法/主要发现：为了评估拟除虫菊酯抗性对治疗效果的影响，在马提尼克岛的 9 个地方使用车载热雾机进行了氯菊酯和天然除虫菊酯的应用，这些地方的埃及伊蚊种群对拟除虫菊酯有很强的抗性。通过监测放置在哨兵笼中的自然抗性和实验室敏感蚊子的死亡率来评估效果。在喷洒前后，还估计了幼虫和成虫的密度。结果表明，对敏感的哨兵蚊子用氯菊酯处理后死亡率很高，而抗性蚊子的死亡率非常低。处理后，埃及伊蚊幼虫和成虫的密度均未降低。
结论/意义：这是首次有记录证明，拟除虫菊酯抗性会阻碍使用拟除虫菊酯为基础的处理方法进行登革热病媒控制。这些结果强调了需要为登革热控制项目提供替代工具和策略。
