Worldwide Status of Insecticide Resistance of and , Vectors of Arboviruses of Chikungunya, Dengue, Zika and Yellow Fever.

BACKGROUND

Controlling of and , vectors of five important mosquito-borne diseases, is known as the most effective method to prevent the transmission of arboviruses to humans, but the emergence of insecticide resistance is threat for control and prevention of vector borne diseases. A better understanding of mosquito resistance to insecticides will help to develop more effective methods to control insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.

METHODS

Worldwide geographical distribution of insecticide resistance in and by the available papers and map of the data for carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, microbial and insect growth regulator insecticides were reviewed. Article data published up to December 2022 were investigated by searching the following databases: "Google Scholar", "PubMed", "Scopus", "SID" and "Web of Knowledge".

RESULTS

The results showed that the susceptibility and resistance status of and to insecticides in the world is very diverse.

CONCLUSION

Due to the importance of and in the transmission of mosquito-borne arboviruses, resistance management should be given more attention worldwide to prevent insecticide resistance in the arbovirus vector and replace the new approach for vector control.