Alianelli L, Sawhney K J S, Barrett R, Pape I, Malik A, Wilson M C
Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
Opt Express. 2011 Jun 6;19(12):11120-7. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.011120.
Modern synchrotron sources have provided for decades intense beams of photons over a large energy spectrum. The availability of improved optics and detectors has opened up new opportunities for the study of matter at the micrometre and nanometre scale in many disciplines. Whilst exploitation of micro-focused beams occurs almost daily in many beamlines, the production of beams of 100 nm is achieved on few instruments which use specialised optics. Refractive lenses, zone plates, curved mirrors, multilayers, and multilayer Laue lenses, can all focus x-rays to less than 50 nm under strict beam stability conditions. Focusing the synchrotron radiation to beam sizes smaller than 10 nm is considered the ultimate goal for the current decade. Silicon micro-technology has so far provided some of the most advanced x-ray refractive lenses; we report on design and characterisation of a novel silicon kinoform lens that is capable of delivering nano-beams with high efficiency.
几十年来，现代同步加速器光源在很宽的能谱范围内提供了高强度的光子束。性能更优的光学器件和探测器的出现，为许多学科在微米和纳米尺度上研究物质开辟了新机遇。虽然在许多光束线中几乎每天都会利用微聚焦光束，但只有少数使用专门光学器件的仪器能够产生100纳米的光束。在严格的光束稳定性条件下，折射透镜、波带片、曲面镜、多层膜以及多层劳厄透镜都能将X射线聚焦到小于50纳米。将同步辐射聚焦到小于10纳米的光束尺寸被认为是当前十年的最终目标。迄今为止，硅微技术已经提供了一些最先进的X射线折射透镜；我们报告了一种新型硅基诺尔夫透镜的设计与特性，该透镜能够高效地产生纳米束。
