Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Immunol Res. 2011 Aug;50(2-3):228-34. doi: 10.1007/s12026-011-8220-3.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with the loss of the two principal types of dendritic cell (DC), myeloid DC (mDC) and plasmacytoid DC (pDC), but the mechanism of this loss and its relationship to AIDS pathogenesis remain ill-defined. The nonhuman primate is a powerful model to dissect this response for several reasons. Both DC subsets have been well characterized in nonhuman primates and shown to have strikingly similar phenotypic and functional characteristics to their counterparts in the human. Moreover, decline of mDC and pDC occurs in rhesus macaques with end-stage simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, the model of HIV infection in humans. In this brief review, we discuss what is known about DC subsets in pathogenic and nonpathogenic nonhuman primate models of HIV infection and highlight the advances and controversies that currently exist in the field.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染与两种主要类型树突状细胞（DC）——髓样树突状细胞（mDC）和浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDC）的丧失有关，但这种丧失的机制及其与艾滋病发病机制的关系仍不清楚。灵长类动物是一个强大的模型，可以从几个方面来剖析这种反应。这两个 DC 亚群在非人类灵长类动物中得到了很好的描述，并显示出与人类相应细胞具有惊人相似的表型和功能特征。此外，在感染末期的恒河猴中也会出现 mDC 和 pDC 的减少，恒河猴是 HIV 感染的人类模型。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了在致病性和非致病性 HIV 感染的非人类灵长类动物模型中对 DC 亚群的了解，并强调了该领域目前存在的进展和争议。
