Chekman I S
Lik Sprava. 2010 Oct-Dec(7-8):3-10.
Physiologically active substances by nanosizes are divided into 4 groups. The first group includes substances up to 100 nm: leukocytes, erythrocytes, cell components (nucleus, mitochondria), cancer cells, bacteria and bacteriophages. The second group consists of nanoparticles with size from 10 to 100 nm. These are antibody, ribosomes, glycogen granules, liposomes, and others. The third group of substances has sizes from 10 to 1 nm. This group includes: albumin, hemoglobin, membrane cells, fibrixogen, receptors (serotonin, beta-adrenergic receptor and others), insulin, fat soluble vitamins (ergocalciferol, retinol), folic acid, drugs (digoxin, quetcitin), chlorophyll plants, fullerenes. The fourth group consists of matter smaller than 1 nm, in particular: ATP, fructose, mediators (acetyl-choline, adrenaline, noradrenaline), phenylephrine, amino acids, water molecules, CO2, NO, oxygen atoms, hydrogen. The existence in the body of physiological processes based on natural nanotechnology may be proved by the following facts. 1. Physiologically active substances have nanosizes. 2. Cell membranes, the capillary wall have also nanosizes, promoting effective physiological processes involving biologically active substances with nanosizes. 3. Due to the small size of nanoparticles can penetrate through cell membranes and be distributed in the body. 4. From the position of modern nanoscience functioning organs, cells, subcellular structures, calcium channels, sodium-potassium pump is under the laws of natural nanomechanisms. 5. Summarising the literature data and own research, we can argue that the body's physiological processes based on natural nanomechanisms require more detailed, in-depth research. Nanophysiology studies peculiarities of the physiological processes in the body from the position of nanoscience and the impact of nanoparticles on the function of cells and organs. The author accepts the fact that not all ideas reported in this article have experimental confirmations, discussion is necessary for further comprehensive research, specialists of different directions to discover the role of nanomechanismes in physiological processes in the body.
纳米尺寸的生理活性物质可分为4组。第一组包括尺寸达100纳米的物质：白细胞、红细胞、细胞成分（细胞核、线粒体）、癌细胞、细菌和噬菌体。第二组由尺寸为10至100纳米的纳米颗粒组成。这些包括抗体、核糖体、糖原颗粒、脂质体等。第三组物质的尺寸为10至1纳米。这一组包括：白蛋白、血红蛋白、细胞膜、纤维蛋白原、受体（血清素、β-肾上腺素能受体等）、胰岛素、脂溶性维生素（麦角钙化醇、视黄醇）、叶酸、药物（地高辛、槲皮素）、植物叶绿素、富勒烯。第四组由尺寸小于1纳米的物质组成，特别是：三磷酸腺苷、果糖、介质（乙酰胆碱、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素）、去氧肾上腺素、氨基酸、水分子、二氧化碳、一氧化氮、氧原子、氢。基于天然纳米技术的生理过程在体内的存在可通过以下事实得到证明。1. 生理活性物质具有纳米尺寸。2. 细胞膜、毛细血管壁也具有纳米尺寸，促进了涉及纳米尺寸生物活性物质的有效生理过程。3. 由于纳米颗粒尺寸小，它们可以穿透细胞膜并在体内分布。4. 从现代纳米科学的角度来看，功能器官、细胞、亚细胞结构、钙通道、钠钾泵都受天然纳米机制规律的支配。5. 总结文献数据和自己的研究，我们可以认为基于天然纳米机制的身体生理过程需要更详细、深入的研究。纳米生理学从纳米科学的角度研究体内生理过程的特点以及纳米颗粒对细胞和器官功能的影响。作者承认本文中报道的并非所有观点都有实验证实，不同方向的专家进行进一步全面研究以发现纳米机制在身体生理过程中的作用的讨论是必要的。
