Chekman I S
Lik Sprava. 2012 Dec(8):3-13.
Literature and research data concerning natural nanotechnology in living systems is summarized in this article. Over millions of years, nature has evolved complex processes controlling the functioning of living organisms. Using the principles of nature to create new tools and technologies is the current direction in the development of "smart" materials and systems. Physiologically active substances (amino acids, neurotransmitters, vitamins, albumin, ATP, fructose, DNA, RNA, fibrinogen, glutathione and others) are nano in size. Biological membranes, ion channels, nanopores, colloidal solutions of the body (blood, interstitial fluid) are nanostructures. The basic principle of nature reads: small tools make great work. In biological materials natural principle of high efficiency and minimum energy consumption is carried out due to the existence of natural nanotechnology that needs more study. In efficient energy-consuming processes during the evolution gradually disappeared and were replaced by more effective. The study and experimental proof of natural nanotechnology will bring a better understanding of the laws of physiological functioning of organs and those of metabolic processes that maintain life. The ability to reproduce biological form with nanoscale precision will find application in tissue engineering, drug delivery, modeling and development of sensory and immune systems, visualization and diagnostic tools. Natural nanotechnology is highly effective, low energy-consuming, causes a rapid flow of vital processes in the body, the ability to quickly response to external positive and negative factors. Not all data presented in this paper is experimentally confirmed, it may be controversial and require further extensive research by specialists of different areas to determine the role of nanotechnology and nanomechanisms in physiological, biochemical, immunological, genetic and other processes in living systems.
本文总结了有关生命系统中天然纳米技术的文献和研究数据。数百万年来，大自然进化出了控制生物体功能的复杂过程。利用自然原理创造新工具和技术是“智能”材料和系统当前的发展方向。生理活性物质（氨基酸、神经递质、维生素、白蛋白、三磷酸腺苷、果糖、脱氧核糖核酸、核糖核酸、纤维蛋白原、谷胱甘肽等）的尺寸为纳米级。生物膜、离子通道、纳米孔、人体的胶体溶液（血液、组织液）都是纳米结构。自然的基本原理是：小工具成就大事业。由于天然纳米技术的存在，生物材料中高效和最低能量消耗的自然原理得以实现，而这一技术需要更多的研究。在进化过程中，低效的能量消耗过程逐渐消失，并被更有效的过程所取代。对天然纳米技术的研究和实验证明将有助于更好地理解器官生理功能的规律以及维持生命的代谢过程的规律。以纳米级精度复制生物形态的能力将在组织工程、药物递送、感官和免疫系统的建模与开发、可视化和诊断工具等方面得到应用。天然纳米技术高效、低能耗，能使体内重要过程快速进行，能够对外部正负因素迅速做出反应。本文所呈现的并非所有数据都经过实验证实，可能存在争议，需要不同领域的专家进行进一步广泛研究，以确定纳米技术和纳米机制在生命系统的生理、生化、免疫、遗传和其他过程中的作用。
