Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Eur Heart J. 2012 Jan;33(2):213-20. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr205. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now the most prevalent and debilitating disease affecting the Chinese population. The goal of the present manuscript was to analyse cardiovascular risk factors and the prevalence of non-fatal CVDs from data gathered from the 2007-2008 China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study.
A nationally representative sample of 46 239 adults, 20 years of age or older, was randomly recruited using a multistage stratified design method. Lifestyle factors, diagnosis of CVD, stroke, diabetes, and family history of each subject were collected, and an oral glucose tolerance test or a standard meal test was performed. Various non-fatal CVDs were reported by the subjects. SUDAAN software was used to perform all weighted statistical analyses, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The prevalence of coronary heart disease, stroke, and CVDs was 0.74, 1.07, and 1.78% in males; and 0.51, 0.60, and 1.10% in females, respectively. The presence of CVDs increased with age in both males and females. The prevalence of being overweight or obese, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, or hyperglycaemia was 36.67, 30.09, 67.43, and 26.69% in males; and 29.77, 24.79, 63.98, and 23.62% in females, respectively. In the total sample of 46 239 patients, the prevalence of one subject having 1, 2, 3, or ≥4 of the 5 defined risk factors (i.e. smoking, overweight or obese, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, or hyperglycaemia) was 31.17, 27.38, 17.76, and 10.19%, respectively. Following adjustment for gender and age, the odds ratio of CVDs for those who had 1, 2, 3, or ≥4 risk factors was 2.36, 4.24, 4.88, and 7.22, respectively, when compared with patients with no risk factors.
Morbidity attributed to the five defined cardiovascular risk factors was high in the Chinese population, with multiple risk factors present in the same individual. Therefore, reasonable prevention strategies should be designed to attenuate the rapid rise in cardiovascular morbidity.
心血管疾病（CVD）是目前影响中国人群最普遍和最具致残性的疾病。本研究旨在分析中国 2007-2008 年全国糖尿病和代谢异常研究中收集的数据，探讨心血管危险因素和非致命性 CVD 的流行情况。
采用多阶段分层设计方法，随机抽取 46239 名年龄 20 岁及以上的成年人进行全国代表性样本调查。收集生活方式因素、心血管疾病、卒中等的诊断、糖尿病以及每位受试者的家族病史，并进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验或标准餐试验。受试者报告了各种非致命性 CVD。使用 SUDAAN 软件进行所有加权统计分析，P<0.05 认为具有统计学意义。男性中冠心病、卒中和 CVD 的患病率分别为 0.74%、1.07%和 1.78%；女性分别为 0.51%、0.60%和 1.10%。无论男性还是女性，CVD 的患病率均随年龄增长而增加。超重或肥胖、高血压、血脂异常或高血糖的患病率分别为男性 36.67%、30.09%、67.43%和 26.69%；女性分别为 29.77%、24.79%、63.98%和 23.62%。在 46239 例患者的总样本中，1、2、3 或≥4 个定义的危险因素（即吸烟、超重或肥胖、高血压、血脂异常或高血糖）的患者比例分别为 31.17%、27.38%、17.76%和 10.19%。在调整性别和年龄后，与无危险因素的患者相比，有 1、2、3 或≥4 个危险因素的 CVD 患者的比值比分别为 2.36、4.24、4.88 和 7.22。
在中国人群中，归因于五种定义明确的心血管危险因素的发病率很高，同一患者中存在多种危险因素。因此，应设计合理的预防策略，以减轻心血管发病率的快速上升。
