Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; email:
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2011;27:237-63. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154251. Epub 2011 Jun 20.
The importance of wound healing to medicine and biology has long been evident, and consequently, wound healing has been the subject of intense investigation for many years. However, several relatively recent developments have added new impetus to wound repair research: the increasing application of model systems; the growing recognition that single cells have a robust, complex, and medically relevant wound healing response; and the emerging recognition that different modes of wound repair bear an uncanny resemblance to other basic biological processes such as morphogenesis and cytokinesis. In this review, each of these developments is described, and their significance for wound healing research is considered. In addition, overlapping mechanisms of single-cell and multicellular wound healing are highlighted, and it is argued that they are more similar than is often recognized. Based on this and other information, a simple model to explain the evolutionary relationships of cytokinesis, single-cell wound repair, multicellular wound repair, and developmental morphogenesis is proposed. Finally, a series of important, but as yet unanswered, questions is posed.
伤口愈合对医学和生物学的重要性早已不言而喻，因此，多年来，伤口愈合一直是研究的热点。然而，最近的一些发展为伤口修复研究增添了新的动力：模型系统的应用越来越广泛；人们越来越认识到单个细胞具有强大、复杂且与医学相关的伤口愈合反应；人们逐渐认识到，不同的伤口修复模式与其他基本的生物过程（如形态发生和胞质分裂）惊人地相似。在这篇综述中，描述了这些发展中的每一个，并考虑了它们对伤口愈合研究的意义。此外，还突出了单细胞和多细胞伤口愈合的重叠机制，并认为它们比通常认识到的更为相似。基于这一点和其他信息，提出了一个简单的模型来解释胞质分裂、单细胞伤口修复、多细胞伤口修复和发育形态发生的进化关系。最后，提出了一系列重要但尚未解决的问题。
