School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester St, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom.
Environ Pollut. 2011 Oct;159(10):2602-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.06.009. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
Air pollutants are recognised as important agents of ecosystem change but few studies consider the effects of multiple pollutants and their interactions. Here we use ordination, constrained cluster analysis and indicator value analyses to identify potential environmental controls on species composition, ecological groupings and indicator species in a gradient study of UK acid grasslands. The community composition of these grasslands is related to climate, grazing, ozone exposure and nitrogen deposition, with evidence for an interaction between the ecological impacts of base cation and nitrogen deposition. Ozone is a key agent in species compositional change but is not associated with a reduction in species richness or diversity indices, showing the subtly different drivers on these two aspects of ecosystem degradation. Our results demonstrate the effects of multiple interacting pollutants, which may collectively have a greater impact than any individual agent.
空气污染物被认为是生态系统变化的重要因素，但很少有研究考虑多种污染物及其相互作用的影响。在这里，我们使用排序、约束聚类分析和指示值分析来识别英国酸性草地梯度研究中物种组成、生态分组和指示物种的潜在环境控制因素。这些草地的群落组成与气候、放牧、臭氧暴露和氮沉积有关，并且有证据表明基础阳离子和氮沉积的生态影响之间存在相互作用。臭氧是物种组成变化的关键因素，但与物种丰富度或多样性指数的降低无关，这表明在生态系统退化的这两个方面，驱动因素略有不同。我们的结果表明了多种相互作用的污染物的影响，这些污染物可能比任何单个因素都具有更大的综合影响。
