National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2012 Jan;19(1):235-43. doi: 10.1007/s11356-011-0563-8. Epub 2011 Jul 2.
In this work, continuous and size-segregated aerosol measurements at Mt. Krvavec, Slovenia, during the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic eruption were performed. Based on chemical and morphological characteristics of size-segregated particles, the presence of the volcanic aerosols after long-range transport to Slovenia was to be confirmed.
Continuous measurements with the aethalometer and SMPS indicated the suspected volcanic ash plume passing over the sampling site. The aerosols collected by discrete sampling showed a chemical signature similar to the known elemental signature of the Icelandic volcanic ash. Coarse particles showed a composition typical for silicates rich in metals; in many cases also S was present. Morphological analysis showed particles with features indicative of an explosive volcanic eruption, e.g., pumice and pumice shards, glass shards, minerals, evidence of steam condensation, etc. The high sulfate concentration associated with the fine particles resulted in sulfate crystallization within the cascade impactor leading to the formation of large structures resembling a "fern". Mass size distributions for Fe, Ti, Mn, Ca, Na, and Mg showed one primary peak (for Fe, Mn, and Ti at 2.8 μm; for Ca, Na, and Mg at ca. 4 μm), which supports the fact that most of the particles in the coarse sizes were silicates rich in metals. The size distribution of the water-soluble SO(4)(2-) showed a maximum peak at 0.75 μm, which also confirms the high sulfate concentration in the fine particles. Chemical and morphological characterization of aerosols collected at Mt. Krvavec indeed confirmed that volcanic ash plume passed over Slovenia.
本研究在斯洛文尼亚 Krvavec 山进行了 Eyjafjallajökull 火山喷发期间的连续和按粒径分段的气溶胶测量。基于按粒径分段粒子的化学和形态特征，确认了在长距离传输到斯洛文尼亚后火山气溶胶的存在。
使用 Aethalometer 和 SMPS 的连续测量表明，疑似火山灰羽流经过采样点上空。通过离散采样收集的气溶胶显示出与已知冰岛火山灰元素特征相似的化学特征。粗颗粒的组成典型为富含金属的硅酸盐；在许多情况下还存在 S。形态分析表明，颗粒具有指示爆炸式火山喷发的特征，例如浮石和浮石碎片、玻璃碎片、矿物、蒸汽冷凝的证据等。与细颗粒相关的高硫酸盐浓度导致在级联冲击器内发生硫酸盐结晶，形成类似于“蕨类植物”的大结构。Fe、Ti、Mn、Ca、Na 和 Mg 的质量粒径分布显示出一个主要峰值（对于 Fe、Mn 和 Ti 为 2.8μm；对于 Ca、Na 和 Mg 为约 4μm），这支持了大部分粗颗粒中的颗粒为富含金属的硅酸盐的事实。水溶性 SO(4)(2-)的粒径分布在 0.75μm 处出现最大峰值，这也证实了细颗粒中硫酸盐浓度较高。在 Krvavec 山收集的气溶胶的化学和形态特征确实证实了火山灰羽流经过了斯洛文尼亚。
