Reconstructive Plastic Surgery & Burns Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Burns. 2011 Nov;37(7):1259-64. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.04.014. Epub 2011 Jul 2.
To identify and describe the patterns of burns reported at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) from 2006 to 2009 and their outcomes on the various age groups and genders.
Patients' records from admission and discharge books of the Burns Intensive Care Unit, Polyclinic Casualty Consulting Rooms and from the Statistical Department of KATH were reviewed to obtain the necessary data for this retrospective study. Data entry and analysis were done by using SPSS version 17.0.
A total of 731 patients' records were reviewed, with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The mean age was 15.83 years; range was 0-79 years. Children less than 10 years were the most frequently admitted group (53.5%). Most of the burns occurred in domestic settings (88.5%), whiles, majority of the burns were accidental (98.8%). Scalds (57.4%) were the most frequent cause of burns followed by open flame (38.2%). The mortality rate was 13.1% for the period under review. Majority (71.4%) of the patients spent less than 10 days on admission. The mean total body surface area (TBSA) was 24.79%, and there was significant correlation between TBSA, age group, outcome and duration of hospital admission.
Children less than 10 years were the most vulnerable victims to burns; males dominated the number of victims. The commonest aetiological factor was scalds, with most of them related to inattention from parents. More dedicated burn surgeons and properly trained nurses are needed at KATH. Ambulance and pre-hospital services should be increased with adequate number of paramedics. Coordination between district hospitals and tertiary burn centres should also be established, for the proper transfer of burn cases to the tertiary burn centres, especially KATH.
识别和描述 2006 年至 2009 年期间在科福阿南凯教学医院（KATH）报告的烧伤模式及其在不同年龄组和性别的结果。
回顾烧伤重症监护病房、综合诊所急诊室和 KATH 统计部门的入院和出院记录簿，以获取这项回顾性研究的必要数据。使用 SPSS 版本 17.0 进行数据输入和分析。
共回顾了 731 名患者的记录，男女比例为 1.2:1。平均年龄为 15.83 岁；范围为 0-79 岁。10 岁以下的儿童是最常入院的群体（53.5%）。大多数烧伤发生在家庭环境中（88.5%），而大多数烧伤是意外（98.8%）。烫伤（57.4%）是最常见的烧伤原因，其次是明火（38.2%）。审查期间的死亡率为 13.1%。大多数（71.4%）患者的住院时间少于 10 天。平均总体表面积（TBSA）为 24.79%，TBSA、年龄组、结果和住院时间之间存在显著相关性。
10 岁以下的儿童是最易受烧伤影响的脆弱人群；男性在受害者人数中占主导地位。最常见的病因是烫伤，其中大多数与父母的疏忽有关。KATH 需要更多专门的烧伤外科医生和经过适当培训的护士。应该增加救护车和院前服务，并配备足够数量的护理人员。还应该在地区医院和三级烧伤中心之间建立协调，以便将烧伤病例恰当地转移到三级烧伤中心，特别是 KATH。
