Sharma Mridula B, Chaudhry Rama, Tabassum Irum, Ahmed Nishat Hussain, Sahu Jitendra Kumar, Dhawan Benu, Kalra Veena
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2011 Jul 4;5(6):459-64. doi: 10.3855/jidc.1508.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system, usually triggered by an acute infection. GBS patients are known to have antecedent bacterial infections associated with auto-antibodies to various gangliosides. This investigation aimed to evaluate GBS patients for serological evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and anti GM1 ganglioside antibodies.
This cross-sectional study included 57 pediatric GBS patients, 42 neurological controls (i.e., non-GBS Acute Flaccid Paralysis cases) and 35 non-neurological controls. Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) was performed on the sera of the subjects to detect IgM and IgG antibodies against Mycoplasma (M.) pneumoniae and GM1 gangliosides.
The results showed that 15.79% and 21.05% GBS patients were positive for IgG and IgM antibodies against M. pneumoniae as compared to 2.38% (P < 0.05) and 14.2% in non-GBS-AFP and 5.7% and 14.2% in non-neurological controls respectively. Additionally, 43.85% and 38.54% GBS patients were positive for IgG and IgM antibodies against GM1 gangliosides as compared to 38.09% and 28.57% in non-GBS-AFP and 14.2% and 2.84% in non-neurological controls respectively (P < 0.05).
Significant difference in levels of IgG antibodies against M. pneumoniae was observed between GBS patients and neurological controls, suggesting M. pneumoniae to be an important antecedent to GBS. Significant difference in levels of anti GM1 ganglioside antibodies (IgG & IgM) was seen between GBS patients and non-neurological controls, highlighting its possible role in the pathogenesis of GBS.
吉兰 - 巴雷综合征（GBS）是一种影响周围神经系统的自身免疫性疾病，通常由急性感染引发。已知GBS患者存在与各种神经节苷脂自身抗体相关的前驱细菌感染。本研究旨在评估GBS患者是否有肺炎支原体感染和抗GM1神经节苷脂抗体的血清学证据。
这项横断面研究纳入了57例儿科GBS患者、42例神经对照组（即非GBS急性弛缓性麻痹病例）和35例非神经对照组。对受试者的血清进行酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），以检测抗肺炎支原体和GM1神经节苷脂的IgM和IgG抗体。
结果显示，GBS患者中抗肺炎支原体IgG和IgM抗体阳性率分别为15.79%和21.05%，而非GBS - AFP患者中分别为2.38%（P < 0.05）和14.2%，非神经对照组中分别为5.7%和14.2%。此外，GBS患者中抗GM1神经节苷脂IgG和IgM抗体阳性率分别为43.85%和38.54%，而非GBS - AFP患者中分别为38.09%和28.57%，非神经对照组中分别为14.2%和2.84%（P < 0.05）。
GBS患者与神经对照组之间抗肺炎支原体IgG抗体水平存在显著差异，提示肺炎支原体是GBS的重要前驱因素。GBS患者与非神经对照组之间抗GM1神经节苷脂抗体（IgG和IgM）水平存在显著差异，突出了其在GBS发病机制中的可能作用。
