Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Flinders Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Level 7E, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders Drive, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
Public Health Nutr. 2011 Nov;14(11):1939-47. doi: 10.1017/S1368980011001030. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
To determine the dietary patterns of a national sample of 2-8-year-old Australian children and to establish whether breast-feeding is associated with dietary patterns in this age group.
Cross-sectional study using 24 h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.
Australia.
A total of 2287 children aged 2-8 years.
Principal component factor analysis identified three distinct patterns. The 'Non-core food groups' pattern included food groups such as whole-fat dairy products, cheese, medium-high sugar-sweetened breakfast cereals and sweet biscuits, no fruit, reduced/low-fat dairy products and wholegrain bread/rolls. The 'Healthy, meat and vegetable' pattern included vegetables, red meat, fruit and wholegrain bread/rolls and was inversely associated with take-away foods and carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages. The 'Combination' pattern contained many food groups including candy (not chocolate based), pasta/rice products, nuts/seeds, cakes and chocolate, but no fruit or vegetables. Of the 2287 children, 2064 (89·3 %) had been breast-fed. A positive association was found between breast-feeding and the healthy, meat and vegetable pattern (r = 0·267) but not with the other two patterns. Higher scores on this pattern were also associated with younger age, lower BMI, higher birth weight, high likelihood of being in the less-disadvantaged Socio-economic Indexes for Areas category and less likelihood of the child's parents having a lower educational level.
These results provide suggestive evidence that breast-feeding during infancy is associated with a healthy dietary pattern in childhood and offers a likely pathway to explain the previously reported association between breast-feeding and chronic disease.
确定澳大利亚 2-8 岁儿童的全国样本的饮食模式，并确定母乳喂养是否与该年龄组的饮食模式相关。
使用 2007 年澳大利亚全国儿童营养和身体活动调查的 24 小时回忆数据进行横断面研究。
澳大利亚。
2287 名 2-8 岁儿童。
主成分因子分析确定了三种不同的模式。“非核心食物组”模式包括全脂乳制品、奶酪、中高糖早餐麦片和甜饼干、无水果、低脂乳制品和全麦面包/卷等食物组。“健康、肉类和蔬菜”模式包括蔬菜、红肉、水果和全麦面包/卷，与外卖食品和碳酸含糖饮料呈负相关。“组合”模式包含许多食物组，包括糖果（非巧克力基）、面食/米饭产品、坚果/种子、蛋糕和巧克力，但没有水果或蔬菜。在 2287 名儿童中，有 2064 名（89.3%）接受过母乳喂养。母乳喂养与健康、肉类和蔬菜模式呈正相关（r=0.267），但与其他两种模式无关。该模式的得分较高也与年龄较小、BMI 较低、出生体重较高、处于社会经济地位指数较低的可能性较大以及儿童父母受教育程度较低的可能性较小有关。
这些结果提供了有说服力的证据，表明婴儿期母乳喂养与儿童时期健康的饮食模式相关，并为解释母乳喂养与慢性疾病之间先前报道的关联提供了可能的途径。
