Policy, Economics and Social Sciences, The WorldFish Center, Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), Jalan Batu Maung, Batu Maung, 11960 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia.
Public Health Nutr. 2011 Nov;14(11):1927-38. doi: 10.1017/S1368980011000814. Epub 2011 May 20.
To build a comprehensive overview of the potential role of fish in improving nutrition with respect to certain micronutrient deficiencies in developing countries.
A comprehensive literature review was completed. For this the electronic library databases ASFA, CABD and Scopus were systematically searched and relevant references cited in these sources were carefully analysed. The search terms used were 'fish', 'small fish species', 'micronutrients', 'food-based strategies', 'fish consumption' and 'developing countries'. The quality of data on nutritional analyses was carefully reviewed and data that lacked proper information on methods, units and samples were excluded.
The evidence collected confirmed the high levels of vitamin A, Fe and Zn in some of the small fish species in developing countries. These small fish are reported to be more affordable and accessible than the larger fish and other usual animal-source foods and vegetables. Evidence suggests that these locally available small fish have considerable potential as cost-effective food-based strategies to enhance micronutrient intakes or as a complementary food for undernourished children. However, the present review shows that only a few studies have been able to rigorously assess the impact of fish consumption on improved nutritional status in developing countries.
Further research is required in areas such as determination of fish consumption patterns of poor households, the nutritional value of local fish and other aquatic animals and the impact of fish intake on improved nutritional status in developing countries where undernutrition is a major public health problem.
就某些发展中国家的特定微量营养素缺乏问题，构建鱼类在改善营养方面的潜在作用的综合概述。
完成了全面的文献综述。为此，系统地搜索了电子图书馆数据库 ASFA、CABD 和 Scopus，并仔细分析了这些来源中引用的相关参考文献。使用的搜索词是“fish”、“small fish species”、“micronutrients”、“food-based strategies”、“fish consumption”和“developing countries”。对营养分析数据的质量进行了仔细审查，并排除了缺乏适当的方法、单位和样本信息的数据。
收集到的证据证实了发展中国家某些小鱼种中维生素 A、Fe 和 Zn 的高水平。这些小鱼据称比大型鱼类和其他常见的动物源食品和蔬菜更实惠和更容易获得。有证据表明，这些当地可获得的小鱼具有相当大的潜力，可以作为成本效益高的基于食物的策略来增加微量营养素的摄入量，或作为营养不良儿童的补充食品。然而，本综述表明，只有少数研究能够严格评估鱼类消费对改善发展中国家营养状况的影响。
需要在贫困家庭鱼类消费模式、当地鱼类和其他水生动物的营养价值以及鱼类摄入对改善发展中国家营养状况的影响等领域开展进一步研究，这些国家的营养不良是一个主要的公共卫生问题。
