Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Cell. 2011 Jul 8;146(1):18-36. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.06.030.
The size and surface area of the mammalian brain are thought to be critical determinants of intellectual ability. Recent studies show that development of the gyrated human neocortex involves a lineage of neural stem and transit-amplifying cells that forms the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ), a proliferative region outside the ventricular epithelium. We discuss how proliferation of cells within the OSVZ expands the neocortex by increasing neuron number and modifying the trajectory of migrating neurons. Relating these features to other mammalian species and known molecular regulators of the mouse neocortex suggests how this developmental process could have emerged in evolution.
哺乳动物大脑的大小和表面积被认为是智力的关键决定因素。最近的研究表明，人类大脑回旋皮层的发育涉及到神经干细胞和过渡扩增细胞的谱系，这些细胞形成了脑室下区（SVZ）的外层，即脑室上皮外的一个增殖区域。我们讨论了 SVZ 内细胞的增殖如何通过增加神经元数量和改变迁移神经元的轨迹来扩大新皮层。将这些特征与其他哺乳动物物种和已知的小鼠新皮层分子调节剂联系起来，可以推测出这种发育过程是如何在进化中出现的。
