Dikshit Rajesh P, Mathur Garima, Mhatre Sharayu, Yeole B B
Department of Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2011 Jan;32(1):3-11. doi: 10.4103/0971-5851.81883.
Stomach cancer is the one of the leading cause of cancer in southern region of India. Its incidence is decreasing worldwide yet on global scale stomach cancer remains one of the most common causes of cancer death. Etiology of gastric cancer includes Helicobacter pylori infection, diet and lifestyle, tobacco, alcohol and genetic susceptibility. In this review, we tried to find the contribution of Indian scientist in understanding the descriptive and observational epidemiology of stomach cancer. PubMed was used as a search platform using key words such as "stomach cancer, treatment, clinical characteristics, stomach cancer outcome, epidemiology, etiological factor and their corresponding Mesh terms were used in combination with Boolean operators OR, AND". Most of the reported studies on gastric cancer from India are case report or case series and few are case-control studies. Indian studies on this topic are limited and have observed H. pylori infection, salted tea, pickled food, rice intake, spicy food, soda (additive of food), tobacco and alcohol as risk factors for gastric cancer. More research is required to understand the etiology, develop suitable screening test, to demarcate high-risk population and to develop and evaluate the effect of primary prevention programs.
胃癌是印度南部地区主要的癌症病因之一。其发病率在全球范围内呈下降趋势，但在全球范围内，胃癌仍然是最常见的癌症死亡原因之一。胃癌的病因包括幽门螺杆菌感染、饮食与生活方式、烟草、酒精以及遗传易感性。在本综述中，我们试图探寻印度科学家在理解胃癌描述性和观察性流行病学方面所做的贡献。使用PubMed作为搜索平台，搜索关键词为“胃癌、治疗、临床特征、胃癌结局、流行病学、病因因素以及它们相应的医学主题词，并与布尔运算符OR、AND组合使用”。印度报道的大多数关于胃癌的研究都是病例报告或病例系列，病例对照研究较少。印度关于该主题的研究有限，已观察到幽门螺杆菌感染、咸茶、腌制食品、大米摄入量、辛辣食物、苏打水（食品添加剂）、烟草和酒精是胃癌的危险因素。需要更多研究来了解病因、开发合适的筛查测试、划定高危人群以及制定和评估一级预防项目的效果。
