Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Jul;30(7):1358-65. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0126.
Between 1999 and 2008, the number of elderly Hispanics and Asians living in US nursing homes grew by 54.9 percent and 54.1 percent, respectively, while the number of elderly black residents increased 10.8 percent. During the same period, the number of white nursing home residents declined 10.2 percent. These shifts have been driven in part by changing demographics, especially the fast growth of older minority populations. However, the numbers of minority residents in nursing homes increased more rapidly than the minority population overall, even in areas with high concentrations of minority populations. Thus, these results may indicate unequal minority access to home and community-based alternatives, which are generally preferred for long-term care. When designing initiatives to balance institutional and noninstitutional long-term care, policy makers should take steps to reduce racial and ethnic disparities.
在 1999 年至 2008 年间，居住在美国养老院的老年西班牙裔和亚洲人数量分别增长了 54.9%和 54.1%，而老年黑人居民数量增长了 10.8%。同期，白人养老院居民数量下降了 10.2%。这些变化部分是由人口结构变化驱动的，尤其是老年少数族裔人口的快速增长。然而，养老院中少数族裔居民的数量增长速度超过了少数族裔总人口的增长速度，即使在少数族裔人口高度集中的地区也是如此。因此，这些结果可能表明少数族裔在获得家庭和社区为基础的替代护理方面存在不平等，而这些替代护理通常是长期护理的首选。在制定平衡机构和非机构长期护理的计划时，政策制定者应采取措施减少种族和族裔差异。
