Watanabe Naoyuki, Satro Hiroyuki, Kawahara Hiroshi, Sasaki Yasuhito
Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences.
Kaku Igaku. 2011 May;48(2):121-37.
Medical management of patients internally contaminated in nuclear emergency needs, in addition to general medical treatment, to evaluate doses due to intakes of radioactive materials, to conduct effective treatment with stable isotopes and chelating agents and to keep public away from radioactive materials in and excreted from patients. The idea of medical treatment for internal contamination is demonstrated in the general principles on medical management of victims in nuclear emergency issued by the Cabinet Office in Japan. However, if impressive number patients with internal contamination are generated, the current medical management scheme in nuclear emergency is not able to admit them. The utilization of radionuclide therapy facilities where patients with thyroid diseases are treated with radioisotope and assembly-temporary housing type treatment facilities dedicated for internal contaminated patients may be expected to complement the medical management scheme in nuclear emergency. The effect or more medical management system for patients internally contaminated may become one of the safety nets in the contemporary society that inclines to use nuclear energy on account of accessibility.
在核应急情况下，对体内受到污染的患者进行医疗管理时，除了常规医疗救治外，还需要评估因摄入放射性物质而受到的剂量，使用稳定同位素和螯合剂进行有效治疗，并使公众远离患者体内的放射性物质及其排泄物。日本内阁府发布的核应急受害者医疗管理一般原则体现了针对体内污染的医疗救治理念。然而，如果出现大量体内受到污染的患者，当前的核应急医疗管理方案将无法接纳他们。预计可利用用于治疗甲状腺疾病患者的放射性核素治疗设施以及专门用于体内污染患者的组装式临时住房型治疗设施来补充核应急医疗管理方案。对于体内受到污染的患者而言，更完善的医疗管理系统的作用可能会成为当代因核能可及性而倾向于使用核能的社会的安全网之一。
