Steinkraus Lawrence
Mayo Clinic, USA.
Minn Med. 2011 Jun;94(6):36-9.
Since World War I, the role of physicians who care for pilots has been to minimize the risks posed by the unique environment in airplanes and the demands of flying. Originally, that meant screening out those with any physical limitations that might affect their ability to fly such as vision or cardiac problems. Today, however, with the ability to better manage patients with multiple conditions, the physician's task is more nuanced and requires an estimation of risk based on the how well a pilot's condition can be managed and the type of flying he or she does. This article looks at how pilots are medically evaluated and how the standards for medical certification are evolving, allowing some pilots who have certain conditions to continue flying.
自第一次世界大战以来，照顾飞行员的医生的职责一直是将飞机独特环境和飞行要求所带来的风险降至最低。最初，这意味着筛选出那些有任何可能影响其飞行能力的身体限制的人，如视力或心脏问题。然而，如今，由于有能力更好地管理患有多种疾病的患者，医生的任务更加细致入微，需要根据飞行员病情的可控程度以及他或她所从事的飞行类型来评估风险。本文探讨了飞行员是如何接受医学评估的，以及医学认证标准是如何演变的，从而使一些患有特定疾病的飞行员能够继续飞行。
