Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2011 Jun;124(11):1629-33.
Maternal exposure to nitrate, nitrite, and N-nitroso compounds from drinking water or diet has been associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in some studies. Pickled vegetables contain relatively large amounts of nitrite and N-nitroso compounds. We examined the association between maternal periconceptional consumption of pickled vegetables and NTDs in Shanxi Province of northern China.
Data were derived from a population based case-control study of major external birth defects in four counties of Shanxi Province. Participants included 519 NTDs cases identified between 2003 and 2007 and 694 healthy controls. Exposure information was collected within 1 week after delivery. Multivariable non-conditional Logistic regression model was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) controlling for potential confounding variables.
The risk of NTDs was positively associated with the frequency of the consumption of pickled vegetables by the mother. Compared with pickled vegetables consumption at < 1 meal/week, the adjusted OR for consumption at 1 - 3, 4 - 6, and > 6 meals/week were 1.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0, 1.8), 1.9 (1.1, 3.2), and 3.6 (1.9, 6.9), respectively. A protective effect was found for maternal meat consumption at ≥ 1 meal/week (adjusted OR: 0.6, 95%CI: 0.4, 0.7) and egg or milk consumption at ≥ 1 meal/week (adjusted OR: 0.6, 95%CI: 0.4, 0.8).
Maternal periconceptional consumption of pickled vegetables may increase the risk for NTDs in Shanxi Province.
来自饮用水或饮食中的母体硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和 N-亚硝基化合物暴露已与一些研究中的神经管缺陷 (NTD) 风险增加相关。腌制蔬菜含有相对大量的亚硝酸盐和 N-亚硝基化合物。我们研究了母体在受孕前食用腌制蔬菜与中国北方山西省 NTD 之间的关系。
数据来自山西省四个县基于人群的主要外部出生缺陷病例对照研究。参与者包括 2003 年至 2007 年间确诊的 519 例 NTD 病例和 694 例健康对照。在分娩后 1 周内收集暴露信息。采用多变量非条件 Logistic 回归模型，控制潜在混杂变量，估计调整后的比值比 (OR)。
NTD 风险与母亲食用腌制蔬菜的频率呈正相关。与每周食用腌制蔬菜<1 餐相比，每周食用 1-3 餐、4-6 餐和>6 餐的调整 OR 分别为 1.3（95%置信区间 (CI)：1.0，1.8）、1.9（1.1，3.2）和 3.6（1.9，6.9）。每周食用≥1 餐的肉类（调整 OR：0.6，95%CI：0.4，0.7）和每周食用≥1 餐的鸡蛋或牛奶（调整 OR：0.6，95%CI：0.4，0.8）具有保护作用。
母体在受孕前食用腌制蔬菜可能会增加山西省 NTD 的风险。
