The Division of Structural Biology and the Oxford Protein Production Facility, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.
Structure. 2011 Jul 13;19(7):1011-20. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2011.03.023.
The morphogenesis of poxviruses such as vaccinia virus (VACV) sees the virion shape mature from spherical to brick-shaped. Trimeric capsomers of the VACV D13 protein form a transitory, stabilizing lattice on the surface of the initial spherical immature virus particle. The crystal structure of D13 reveals that this major scaffolding protein comprises a double β barrel "jelly-roll" subunit arranged as pseudo-hexagonal trimers. These structural features are characteristic of the major capsid proteins of a lineage of large icosahedral double-stranded DNA viruses including human adenovirus and the bacteriophages PRD1 and PM2. Structure-based phylogenetic analysis confirms that VACV belongs to this lineage, suggesting that (analogously to higher organism embryogenesis) early poxvirus morphogenesis reflects their evolution from a lineage of viruses sharing a common icosahedral ancestor.
痘病毒（例如牛痘病毒（VACV））的形态发生过程使病毒粒子的形状从球形成熟为砖形。VACV D13 蛋白的三聚体帽蛋白在初始球形未成熟病毒粒子的表面形成短暂的稳定晶格。D13 的晶体结构表明，这种主要支架蛋白由排列为假六边形三聚体的双β桶“果冻卷”亚基组成。这些结构特征是包括人类腺病毒和噬菌体 PRD1 和 PM2 在内的一大类二十面体双链 DNA 病毒的主要衣壳蛋白的特征。基于结构的系统发育分析证实 VACV 属于这一类，这表明（类似于高等生物胚胎发生）早期痘病毒形态发生反映了它们从具有共同二十面体祖先的病毒谱系的进化。
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