Department of Dermatology and Wound Healing, Cardiff University School of Medicine and University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2011 Sep;6(5):391-7. doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e328349b0a0.
Dendritic cells and their subsets are among the very first immune cells to tackle incoming pathogens and initiate innate and adaptive immune responses. During the past year, some studies investigating the early events occurring at mucosal sites, upon HIV infection, reinforced our view that the virus has evolved subtle strategies to hijack key cellular components in dendritic cells, thus leading to viral acquisition and dissemination while dampening or delaying antiviral responses.
In this review, we will detail recent research aimed at investigating the involvement of different dendritic cell subtypes on HIV transmission at mucosal sites, the events and cellular factors in dendritic cell guiding HIV trafficking, and polarization at the virological synapse. Furthermore, we will link some of these basic findings with current and novel therapeutic and prophylactic strategies targeting the early events of mucosal HIV transmission.
It is becoming evident that a better characterization of the early events of HIV transmission and the involvement of dendritic cell subtypes in this process would contribute to strengthen our efforts to improve the current therapeutic and prophylactic strategies.
综述目的：树突状细胞及其亚群是最早应对入侵病原体并启动固有和适应性免疫反应的免疫细胞之一。在过去的一年中，一些研究调查了 HIV 感染时黏膜部位早期发生的事件，这些研究强化了我们的观点，即病毒已经进化出微妙的策略来劫持树突状细胞中的关键细胞成分，从而导致病毒的获得和传播，同时抑制或延迟抗病毒反应。
最新发现：在这篇综述中，我们将详细介绍最近的研究，这些研究旨在调查不同树突状细胞亚群在黏膜部位 HIV 传播中的作用、树突状细胞引导 HIV 运输的事件和细胞因子、以及病毒突触的极化。此外，我们将把这些基础发现与目前和新的针对黏膜 HIV 传播早期事件的治疗和预防策略联系起来。
综述总结：越来越明显的是，更好地描述 HIV 传播的早期事件以及树突状细胞亚型在这一过程中的参与，将有助于加强我们改进当前治疗和预防策略的努力。
