Danielsson B R, Khayat A, Dencker L
Department of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Pharmacol Toxicol. 1990 Sep;67(3):222-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1990.tb00817.x.
The distribution of mercury after inhalation of metallic mercury vapour (6-8 mumols 203Hg0/kg b.wt.) was studied in pregnant mice (day 17 of gestation) after pretreatment with selenite (10 mumols Se/kg b.wt. intraperitoneally 1 hr before inhalation), thiram, disulfiram or diethyldithiocarbamate (1 mmol/kg orally 2 hr before inhalation of Hg0). For comparison, the effects of thiram, disulfiram and diethyldithiocarbamate on the distribution of mercury after administration of ionic mercury (7 mumols 203HgCl2/kg b.wt. intravenously) were also studied. Selenite pretreatment caused a longer retention of mercury in maternal tissues but decreased the foetal concentrations after 203Hg0 inhalation, similarly to what has been shown previously after administration of ionic mercury (Hg2+). Pretreatment with the three dithiocarbamates markedly increased the uptake in maternal brain and fat and decreased the foetal concentrations after intravenous injection of 203HgCl2. In contrast, no change in foetal uptake and only slight changes in maternal tissue concentration of mercury were observed after treatment with the dithiocarbamates followed by inhalation of 203Hg0, compared with 203Hg0 inhalation alone. The results are in favour of a firmer binding of mercury after Hg0 inhalation, when oxidation of Hg0 to Hg2+ occurs intracellularly, than after Hg2+ injection. Further studies, using repeatedly low dose administration of selenium, are needed to draw any conclusions concerning the protective effects of selenium after exposure to metallic mercury vapour.
在怀孕小鼠（妊娠第17天）吸入金属汞蒸气（6 - 8微摩尔203Hg0/千克体重）后，研究了亚硒酸盐（吸入前1小时腹腔注射10微摩尔硒/千克体重）、福美双、双硫仑或二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸盐（吸入Hg0前2小时口服1毫摩尔/千克）预处理后汞的分布情况。为作比较，还研究了福美双、双硫仑和二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸盐对静脉注射离子汞（7微摩尔203HgCl2/千克体重）后汞分布的影响。亚硒酸盐预处理使母体组织中汞的滞留时间延长，但吸入203Hg0后胎儿体内汞浓度降低，这与先前给予离子汞（Hg2+）后所显示的情况类似。用三种二硫代氨基甲酸盐预处理后，静脉注射203HgCl2，母体脑和脂肪中的摄取量显著增加，胎儿体内汞浓度降低。相比之下，与单独吸入203Hg0相比，用二硫代氨基甲酸盐处理后再吸入203Hg0，胎儿摄取量无变化，母体组织中汞浓度仅有轻微变化。结果表明，与注射Hg2+后相比，吸入Hg0后汞的结合更牢固，因为Hg0在细胞内氧化为Hg2+。需要进一步研究反复低剂量给予硒，以便就接触金属汞蒸气后硒的保护作用得出任何结论。
