Agüero Santagelo Fernando, Nebot Adell Manel, Pérez Giménez A Anna, López Medina María José, García Continente Xavier
Institut Municipal d'Assistència Sanitària, Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Agencia de Salut Publica de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps 1, Barcelona.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2011 Jan-Feb;85(1):73-80. doi: 10.1590/S1135-57272011000100009.
In the spring of 2009 the emergence of new influenza virus (H1N1) 2009 caused widespread alarm. The objective of this study is to describe the knowledge and risk perceptions towards the disease and its vaccine and the preventive measures adopted by the population.
A telephone survey was conducted in two rounds with quotas for age, sex, Autonomous Regions and size of municipality. Respondents were asked regarding perceptions, preventive measures, vaccination related to 2009 influenza (H1N1) 2009 and sociodemographic data. Proportional quota sampling based on age, sex, province and size of municipality was used. We performed a descriptive analysis of the main study variables and applied the chi-square test to study the statistical analysis for categorical data.
Overall we obtained 1,627 valid responses. 823 (51,6%) were women, 502 (30.9%) were between 18 and 34 years old and 580 (35.6%) were between 35 and 55 years old. 729 (49,1%) were unskilled, manual workers, and 857 (52,7%) were living in cities larger than 50,000 inhabitants. Only 15,7 % declared to feel at risk to get influenza, and this proportion was much lower (3,9%) in the second wave, after the epidemic peak. Overall, more than 80% (n=1353) felt that unnecessary social alarm had been generated (n=1353). 1.253 (77%) of the participants adopted at least one preventive measure. Respiratory hygiene (n=951 58,5%) and hand washing (n= 624 38,4%). were the most common preventive measures adopted.
The main adopted measures were those recommended by the government.
2009年春季，新型甲型H1N1流感病毒的出现引发了广泛恐慌。本研究旨在描述公众对该疾病及其疫苗的认知、风险感知以及所采取的预防措施。
进行两轮电话调查，对年龄、性别、自治区和城市规模设定配额。询问受访者关于对2009年甲型H1N1流感的认知、预防措施、疫苗接种情况以及社会人口统计学数据。采用基于年龄、性别、省份和城市规模的比例配额抽样。对主要研究变量进行描述性分析，并应用卡方检验对分类数据进行统计分析。
总体共获得1627份有效回复。其中823名（51.6%）为女性，502名（30.9%）年龄在18至34岁之间，580名（35.6%）年龄在35至55岁之间。729名（49.1%）为非技术体力劳动者，857名（52.7%）居住在人口超过5万的城市。只有15.7%的人表示认为自己有感染流感的风险，在疫情高峰后的第二波疫情中，这一比例要低得多（3.9%）。总体而言，超过80%（n = 1353）的人认为引发了不必要的社会恐慌（n = 1353）。1253名（77%）参与者至少采取了一项预防措施。呼吸卫生（n = 951，58.5%）和洗手（n = 624，38.4%）是最常见的预防措施。
主要采取的措施是政府所推荐的措施。
