Parc de Salut Mar, Pompeu Fabra University, Public Health Agency of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Prev Med. 2011 Sep;53(3):203-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.06.018. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
This study describes the preventive measures adopted by the Spanish population towards 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus and their associated factors.
An anonymous computer-assisted telephone interview survey was conducted in Spain in December 2009 and February 2010. Respondents were asked about their perceptions of influenza A (H1N1) virus and the preventive measures adopted. Factors associated with the adoption of preventive measures were assessed by logistic regression analyses.
Out of 4892 households approached, 1627 valid responses were obtained (response rate of 33.3%). The most commonly adopted preventive measures were respiratory hygiene and hand washing. Factors independently associated with the adoption of the preventive measures recommended by the Spanish Ministry of Health were female gender, higher educational level, size of municipality of residence >50,000 inhabitants, high perceived susceptibility to infection, high perceived effectiveness of the measures and high perceived usefulness of the information provided by the government. The presence of school-aged children in household was associated with purchasing masks and hand sanitizer.
In addition to demographic factors, modifiable factors such as personal beliefs and expectations play a role in the adoption of preventive measures.
本研究描述了西班牙人群针对 2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感病毒采取的预防措施及其相关因素。
2009 年 12 月至 2010 年 2 月，在西班牙进行了一项匿名计算机辅助电话访谈调查。受访者被问及他们对甲型 H1N1 流感病毒的看法以及采取的预防措施。采用 logistic 回归分析评估与预防措施采用相关的因素。
在接触的 4892 户家庭中，获得了 1627 份有效回复（应答率为 33.3%）。最常采取的预防措施是呼吸道卫生和洗手。与采用西班牙卫生部推荐的预防措施独立相关的因素包括女性、较高的教育水平、居住的城市>50000 居民、高感染易感性、高措施有效性和高政府提供信息的有用性。家中有学龄儿童与购买口罩和手部消毒剂有关。
除了人口统计学因素外，个人信念和期望等可改变的因素也会影响预防措施的采用。
