Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA.
Addict Behav. 2011 Nov;36(11):1106-9. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.06.015. Epub 2011 Jun 27.
The present study examined plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels in 18 smokers (10 men, 8 women) and in 22 non-smokers (12 men, 10 women). Non-smokers came to the laboratory once, whereas smokers came twice: while smoking freely and following 24-hr abstinence. Plasma was collected for AVP assessment; salivary cotinine and expired carbon monoxide levels confirmed smoking status. Among non-smokers, men had higher AVP levels than did women (p<0.05). Among smokers, however, women displayed higher AVP levels than did men both while smoking and following abstinence (p's<0.05). Among men, smoking resulted in lower AVP levels compared to non-smoking men. In contrast, women who smoked displayed higher AVP levels compared to their non-smoking counterparts. AVP levels were not affected by 24-hr abstinence among smokers, regardless of sex, which suggests that dysregulation in AVP levels in tobacco smokers continues even following 24-hr abstinence. Findings are consistent with previous reports of elevated Th1/Th2 immune function among female smokers compared to male smokers and to male and female non-smokers. Data suggest sex-dependent AVP changes during smoking that could contribute to negative impact of smoking on cardiovascular health.
本研究检测了 18 名吸烟者（10 男，8 女）和 22 名非吸烟者（12 男，10 女）的血浆精氨酸加压素（AVP）水平。非吸烟者仅来实验室一次，而吸烟者则来两次：一次是在自由吸烟时，另一次是在 24 小时戒烟后。采集血浆用于评估 AVP；唾液可替宁和呼出一氧化碳水平证实了吸烟状况。在非吸烟者中，男性的 AVP 水平高于女性（p<0.05）。然而，在吸烟者中，无论是吸烟时还是戒烟后，女性的 AVP 水平均高于男性（p's<0.05）。与非吸烟男性相比，吸烟会导致男性的 AVP 水平降低。相比之下，吸烟女性的 AVP 水平高于不吸烟女性。无论性别如何，吸烟者的 AVP 水平不受 24 小时戒烟的影响，这表明烟草吸烟者的 AVP 水平失调即使在 24 小时戒烟后仍持续存在。研究结果与之前的报告一致，即与男性吸烟者和男性及女性非吸烟者相比，女性吸烟者的 Th1/Th2 免疫功能升高。数据表明，吸烟期间存在依赖于性别的 AVP 变化，这可能导致吸烟对心血管健康的负面影响。
