Minary L, Martini H, Wirth N, Thouvenot F, Acouetey S, Maire C, Martinet Y, Bohadana A, Zmirou-Navier D, Alla F
Inserm, Nancy, France.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2011 Aug;59(4):270-6. doi: 10.1016/j.respe.2011.02.101. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
Most smokers start smoking during adolescence and become dependent before 20 years old. In France, vocational trainees are a population not much explored. The objective of our study is to present tobacco use characteristics among apprentices in Vocational Centers (VC).
This cross-sectional exhaustive study covered 1814 students (among whose 943 smokers) entering in a 1st year of the eight participating Vocational Centers in the Lorraine region (Eastern France, 2.3 million inhabitants, 16,500 vocational trainees), during the school years 2007-2008 and 2008-2009. Data collection concerned the sociocultural environment, tobacco use habits, degree of dependency to tobacco and co-addictions.
Among the study population, 52.0% declared they were smokers among whom 89.4% daily smokers, and 5.7% were ex-smokers. The average age of tobacco use initiation was 12.1 years (standard deviation [SD]=2.1) and the average age at inception of regular cigarette smoking was 13.8 years (SD=1.6). Current consumption of the smokers was 12.8 cigarettes per day (SD=7.8). The average score of smoking addiction was 6.1 (SD=2.8), according to the Hooked On Nicotine checklist test (score from 0 to 10=strongly dependent). Finally, 37.1% of students (58.9% among smokers) smoked or have smoked cannabis.
The high prevalence of smoking in Vocational Centers, the early start of tobacco use and the high tobacco consumption among apprentices show that they are overexposed compared to the general population of adolescents. In addition, these young people are already dependant to tobacco use. This underlines the need of specific measures dedicated to this population that amounts to 361,500 individuals in France.
大多数吸烟者在青少年时期开始吸烟，并在20岁之前上瘾。在法国，职业培训生是一个研究较少的群体。我们研究的目的是呈现职业培训中心（VC）学徒的烟草使用特征。
这项横断面详尽研究涵盖了2007 - 2008学年和2008 - 2009学年在洛林地区（法国东部，230万居民，16500名职业培训生）的八所参与职业培训中心一年级入学的1814名学生（其中943名吸烟者）。数据收集涉及社会文化环境、烟草使用习惯、对烟草的依赖程度和共成瘾情况。
在研究人群中，52.0%宣称自己是吸烟者，其中89.4%为每日吸烟者，5.7%为已戒烟者。开始使用烟草的平均年龄为12.1岁（标准差[SD]=2.1），开始定期吸烟的平均年龄为13.8岁（SD=1.6）。吸烟者目前的消费量为每天12.8支香烟（SD=7.8）。根据尼古丁成瘾检查表测试，吸烟成瘾的平均得分为6.1（SD=2.8）（得分从0到10表示高度依赖）。最后，37.1%的学生（吸烟者中的58.9%）吸食过或正在吸食大麻。
职业培训中心吸烟率高、学徒烟草使用开始早且烟草消费量高，表明与青少年总体人群相比，他们接触烟草的程度过高。此外，这些年轻人已经对烟草使用产生依赖。这凸显了针对这一在法国达361500人的群体采取具体措施的必要性。
