Department of Angiology and Cardiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2011 Sep 15;178(2):275-82. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2011.06.025. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
This study was designed to clarify the effects of breathing with prolonged expiration on cardiopulmonary responses and autonomic nervous activity during incremental exercise. Eleven healthy men were randomly assigned to breathing mode: a prolonged expiration breathing with a 2-s inspired time and 4-s expired time and a spontaneous breathing without any constraints. Oxygen uptake (V(O2)), ventilation efficiency (V(E)/V(CO2)) and rate pressure product were measured. Low- (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components of blood pressure and heart rate variability were analyzed to assess sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activities, respectively. V(E)/V(CO2), rate pressure product and LF were significantly lower, and [Formula: see text] and HF were significantly higher during exercise with prolonged expiration than with spontaneous breathing. Striking effects of prolonged expiration breathing included the improvement of ventilation efficiency, the suppression of sympathetic nervous activity and the activation of parasympathetic one during incremental exercise. Furthermore, prolonged expiration breathing may have suppressed the exercise-induced increase in myocardial V(O2).
这项研究旨在阐明在递增运动期间，通过延长呼气进行呼吸对心肺反应和自主神经活动的影响。11 名健康男性被随机分配到呼吸模式：吸气时间为 2 秒，呼气时间为 4 秒的延长呼气呼吸，以及没有任何限制的自主呼吸。测量氧气摄取量（V(O2)）、通气效率（V(E)/V(CO2)）和心率乘积。分析血压的低频（LF）和高频（HF）成分以及心率变异性，以分别评估交感和副交感神经活动。与自主呼吸相比，延长呼气呼吸时的 V(E)/V(CO2)、心率乘积和 LF 显著降低，而 [Formula: see text] 和 HF 显著升高。延长呼气呼吸的显著作用包括在递增运动期间提高通气效率、抑制交感神经活动和激活副交感神经活动。此外，延长呼气呼吸可能抑制了运动引起的心肌 V(O2)增加。
