Bonanno Fabrizio Giuseppe
Trauma Directorate, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2011 Apr;4(2):233-43. doi: 10.4103/0974-2700.82211.
The clinical aspects of shock syndromes are described from their inception as compensated physiology to a stage of decompensation. The clinical significance of hypotension, fluid-responsive and non fluid-responsive hypotension, is discussed. Untimely or inadequate treatment leads to persistent subclinical shock despite adjustments of the macrohemodynamic variables, which evolves in a second hit of physiological deterioration if not aggressively managed. Irreversible shock ensues as consequence of direct hit or as result of inadequate or delayed treatment and is characterized by drug-resistant hypotension.
休克综合征的临床情况从其最初作为代偿性生理状态描述到失代偿阶段。文中讨论了低血压、液体反应性和非液体反应性低血压的临床意义。治疗不及时或不充分会导致尽管宏观血流动力学变量已调整但仍存在持续性亚临床休克，如果不积极处理，这种休克会在第二次生理恶化打击中发展。直接打击或治疗不足或延迟会导致不可逆休克，其特征为顽固性低血压。
