Human and Animal Physiology, Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Oct;55(10):1466-74. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201100194. Epub 2011 Jul 19.
Little information is available on differences, commonalities and especially interactions in overall gene expression responses as a result of diet, differences in sex (male and female) and effects induced by differences in metabolism. Moreover, it is unknown whether such effects are tissue specific.
We investigated the gene expression effects induced by β-carotene (BC) supplementation, knockout of β-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 (Bcmo1) and differences between male and female mice in lung, liver and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). Unsupervised principal component analysis showed that lung gene expression was most affected by knockout of Bcmo1. Liver was most affected by knockout of Bcmo1 and differences in sex. iWAT was most affected by differences in sex. Hardly any genes were commonly influenced by BC among the three tissues. The effect of BC supplementation and knockout of Bcmo1 were relatively sex specific, especially in iWAT.
These data demonstrate that gene expression differences induced by BC are limited to the tissue and sex that is analyzed, and that differences in metabolism induced by for example single nucleotide polymorphisms, should be taken into account as much as possible. Moreover, our results indicate that translation from one tissue to the other should be done with caution for any nutritional intervention.
关于饮食、性别（男性和女性）差异以及代谢差异引起的整体基因表达反应的差异、共性和特别是相互作用，信息很少。此外，尚不清楚这些影响是否具有组织特异性。
我们研究了β-胡萝卜素（BC）补充、β-胡萝卜素 15,15'-单加氧酶 1（Bcmo1）基因敲除以及雄性和雌性小鼠肺、肝和腹股沟白色脂肪组织（iWAT）之间差异引起的基因表达效应。无监督主成分分析显示，肺基因表达受 Bcmo1 基因敲除影响最大。肝脏受 Bcmo1 基因敲除和性别差异的影响最大。iWAT 受性别差异影响最大。在这三种组织中，几乎没有共同受 BC 影响的基因。BC 补充和 Bcmo1 基因敲除的影响相对具有性别特异性，尤其是在 iWAT 中。
这些数据表明，BC 诱导的基因表达差异仅限于分析的组织和性别，应尽可能考虑例如单核苷酸多态性引起的代谢差异。此外，我们的结果表明，对于任何营养干预措施，从一种组织到另一种组织的翻译都应谨慎进行。
