Department of Pathogenetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György street 7-9, Budapest H-1122, Hungary.
Pathol Oncol Res. 2011 Dec;17(4):791-800. doi: 10.1007/s12253-011-9433-4. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
Programmed cell death is a key component of tissue homeostasis, normal development and wide variety of diseases. Conventional view refers to programmed cell death form as caspase-mediated apoptosis while necrosis is considered as an accidental and unwanted cell demise, carried out in a non-regulated manner and caused by extreme conditions. However, accumulating evidences indicate that necrotic cell death can also be a regulated process. The term necroptosis has been introduced to describe a cell death receptor-induced, caspase-independent, highly regulated type of programmed cell death process with morphological resemblance of necrosis. Necroptosis recently has been found to contribute to a wide range of pathologic cell death forms including ischemic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases and viral infection, therefore a better understanding of the necroptotic signaling machinery has clinical relevance.
程序性细胞死亡是组织稳态、正常发育和多种疾病的关键组成部分。传统观点认为程序性细胞死亡的形式是半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶（caspase）介导的细胞凋亡，而坏死则被认为是一种意外的、不受控制的细胞死亡，以非调控的方式进行，并由极端条件引起。然而，越来越多的证据表明，坏死性细胞死亡也可以是一种受调控的过程。坏死细胞死亡这个术语被引入来描述一种细胞死亡受体诱导的、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶（caspase）非依赖的、高度调控的程序性细胞死亡过程，其形态类似于坏死。最近发现坏死细胞死亡有助于多种病理细胞死亡形式，包括缺血性脑损伤、神经退行性疾病和病毒感染，因此更好地理解坏死细胞死亡信号机制具有临床意义。
