Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
Mycorrhiza. 2012 May;22(4):297-307. doi: 10.1007/s00572-011-0404-0. Epub 2011 Jul 16.
The seed germination of orchids under natural conditions requires association with mycorrhizal fungi. Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium chrysanthum are threatened orchid species in China where they are considered medicinal plants. For conservation and application of Dendrobium using symbiosis technology, we isolated culturable endophytic and mycorrhizal fungi colonized in the protocorms and adult roots of two species plants and identified them by morphological and molecular analyses (5.8S and nrLSU). Of the 127 endophytic fungi isolated, 11 Rhizoctonia-like strains were identified as Tulasnellales (three strains from protocorms of D. nobile), Sebacinales (three strains from roots of D. nobile and two strains from protocorms of D. chrysanthum) and Cantharellales (three strains from roots of D. nobile), respectively. In addition, species of Xylaria, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Colletotrichum, Pestalotiopsis, and Phomopsis were the predominant non-mycorrhizal fungi isolated, and their probable ecological roles in the Dendrobium plants are discussed. These fungal resources will be of great importance for the large-scale cultivation of Dendrobium plants using symbiotic germination technology and for the screening of bioactive metabolites from them in the future.
在自然条件下，兰花种子的萌发需要与菌根真菌共生。金钗石斛和铁皮石斛是中国受威胁的兰花物种，被认为是药用植物。为了利用共生技术保护和应用铁皮石斛，我们从两种植物的原球茎和成年根中分离出可培养的内生真菌和菌根真菌，并通过形态学和分子分析（5.8S 和 nrLSU）对其进行鉴定。在所分离的 127 株内生真菌中，有 11 株类似于 Rhizoctonia 的菌株被鉴定为 Tulasnellales（来自金钗石斛原球茎的三株菌株）、Sebacinales（来自金钗石斛根的三株菌株和来自铁皮石斛原球茎的两株菌株）和 Cantharellales（来自金钗石斛根的三株菌株）。此外，还分离到了木霉属、镰刀菌属、木霉属、炭疽菌属、拟盘多毛孢属和拟茎点霉属等优势非菌根真菌，讨论了它们在铁皮石斛植物中的可能生态作用。这些真菌资源对于利用共生萌发技术大规模种植铁皮石斛以及未来从中筛选生物活性代谢物具有重要意义。
