Human Information Processing Laboratory, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, FIN-33014 University of Tampere, Finland.
Biol Psychol. 2011 Sep;88(1):124-30. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Jul 22.
The present study investigated the effect of stimulus duration on skin conductance responses (SCRs) evoked by different gaze directions of a live person. In two separate parts of the experiment, either two fixed stimulus durations (2s and 5s) or a participant-controlled stimulus duration was used. The results showed that the eye contact evoked enhanced SCRs compared to averted gaze or closed eyes conditions irrespective of the presentation time. Subjective evaluations of approach-avoidance-tendencies indicated that the direct gaze elicited either approach or avoidance, depending on the participant. Participants who had evaluated a direct gaze-condition as approachable were found to be more emotionally stabile than those who had evaluated the same condition as avoidable. In the self-timing condition, averted gaze was looked at longer than direct gaze. Our results suggest that direct gaze, also when encountered only briefly like in every-day social encounterings, increases autonomic sympathetic arousal.
本研究调查了不同注视方向的活体人对视时刺激持续时间对视引起的皮肤电反应（SCR）的影响。在实验的两个不同部分，使用了两种固定的刺激持续时间（2 秒和 5 秒）或参与者控制的刺激持续时间。结果表明，与回避注视或闭眼条件相比，无论呈现时间如何，目光接触都会引起增强的 SCR。趋近回避倾向的主观评估表明，直接注视会引起趋近或回避，这取决于参与者。将直接注视条件评估为可接近的参与者比将相同条件评估为可避免的参与者情绪更稳定。在自我定时条件下，回避注视的时间比直接注视的时间长。我们的结果表明，即使在日常社交互动中只是短暂地遇到，直接注视也会增加自主交感神经兴奋。
