Department of Nanomedical Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea.
Acta Biomater. 2011 Nov;7(11):3813-28. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Jul 13.
Tissue engineering utilizes expertise in the fields of materials science, biology, chemistry, transplantation medicine, and engineering to design materials that can temporarily serve in a structural and/or functional capacity during regeneration of a defect. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds are among the most extensively studied materials for this application. However, HAp has been reported to be too weak to treat such defects and, therefore, has been limited to non-load-bearing applications. To capitalize the advantages of HAp and at the same time overcome the drawbacks nanocrystalline HAp (nHAp) is combined with various types of bioactive polymers to generate highly porous biocomposite materials that are used for osteoconduction in the field of orthopedic surgery. In this study we have reviewed nanosized HAp-based highly porous composite materials used for bone tissue engineering, introduced various fabrication methods to prepare nHAp/polymer composite scaffolds, and characterized these scaffolds on the basis of their biodegradability and biocompatibility through in vitro and in vivo tests. Finally, we provide a summary and our own perspectives on this active area of research.
组织工程利用材料科学、生物学、化学、移植医学和工程学等领域的专业知识，设计在缺陷再生过程中能够临时发挥结构和/或功能作用的材料。羟基磷灰石（HAp）支架是此类应用中研究最多的材料之一。然而，已经报道 HAp 太弱，无法治疗此类缺陷，因此仅限于非承重应用。为了利用 HAp 的优势，同时克服其缺点，将纳米晶 HAp（nHAp）与各种类型的生物活性聚合物结合，生成用于骨科手术中骨传导的高多孔生物复合材料。在本研究中，我们综述了用于骨组织工程的基于纳米 HAp 的高多孔复合材料，介绍了各种制备方法来制备 nHAp/聚合物复合支架，并通过体外和体内试验，基于其可生物降解性和生物相容性对这些支架进行了表征。最后，我们对这一活跃的研究领域进行了总结和展望。
