mTORC1 系统在氨基酸感应途径中的空间调节。
Spatial regulation of the mTORC1 system in amino acids sensing pathway.
机构信息
Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
出版信息
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2011 Sep;43(9):671-9. doi: 10.1093/abbs/gmr066. Epub 2011 Jul 23.
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates numerous cellular processes including cell growth, proliferation, cell cycle, and autophagy. mTOR forms two different multi-protein complexes referred to as mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2, and each complex exerts distinct functions exclusively. mTORC1 activity is sensitive to the selective inhibitor rapamycin, whereas mTORC2 is resistant. mTORC1 is regulated by many intra- and extra-cellular cues such as growth factors, nutrients, and energy-sensing signals, while mTORC2 senses ribosome maturation and growth factor signaling. This review focuses on current understandings by which mTORC1 pathway senses cellular nutrient availability for its activation.
摘要
哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）是一种进化上保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶，它调节着许多细胞过程，包括细胞生长、增殖、细胞周期和自噬。mTOR 形成两种不同的多蛋白复合物，分别称为 mTOR 复合物 1（mTORC1）和 mTORC2，每个复合物都具有独特的功能。mTORC1 的活性对选择性抑制剂雷帕霉素敏感，而 mTORC2 则具有抗性。mTORC1 的活性受到许多胞内和胞外信号的调节，如生长因子、营养物质和能量感应信号，而 mTORC2 则感知核糖体成熟和生长因子信号。本综述重点介绍了 mTORC1 途径如何感知细胞内营养物质的可用性以激活自身。
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