Franck P, Ricci B, Klein E K, Olivares J, Simon S, Cornuet J-M, Lavigne C
UR1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, INRA, 84000 Avignon cedex 9, France.
Genetica. 2011 Jul;139(7):949-60. doi: 10.1007/s10709-011-9598-5. Epub 2011 Jul 23.
Estimation of demographic parameters is important for understanding the functioning of natural populations and the underlying ecological and evolutionary processes that may impact their dynamics. Here, we used sibship assignment methods to shed light on the local dynamics of codling moth females in eight orchards in a 90-ha domain near Valence, France. Based on full-sib inference among 1,063 genotyped moths, we estimated (1) the effective number of females that had offspring, (2) their fertility and (3) the distribution of their oviposition sites within and among orchards. The average number of females in all the orchards increased between the first (130) and the second (235) annual generations. The average fertilities of the females were similar at each generation according to the host plant considered (apple, pear, or walnut), but differed between commercial (10) and non-treated (25) apple orchards. Females mainly clustered their eggs on contiguous trees along orchard borders, but they also occasionally dispersed their eggs among different orchards independently of the cultivated host plants or the inter-orchard distances (up to 698 m) during the second annual generation. The mean distance between two oviposition sites was 30 m. Sibship estimates of both the effective number of females and the inter-orchard migration rates (~5%) were in agreement with the observed genetic differentiation among the eight orchards (0.006 < F ( st ) < 0.013). These results confirm and extend previous field and laboratory observations in Cydia pomonella, and they demonstrate that sibship assignments based on genetic data are an interesting alternative to mark-release-recapture methods for inferring insect population dynamics.
估计种群统计学参数对于理解自然种群的功能以及可能影响其动态的潜在生态和进化过程至关重要。在此，我们使用同胞关系分配方法来揭示法国瓦朗斯附近一个90公顷区域内八个果园中苹果蠹蛾雌虫的局部动态。基于对1063只基因分型蛾类的全同胞推断，我们估计了：（1）有后代的雌虫有效数量；（2）它们的繁殖力；（3）它们在果园内和果园间产卵地点的分布。在第一代（约130只）和第二代（约235只）年度世代之间，所有果园中雌虫的平均数量有所增加。根据所考虑的寄主植物（苹果、梨或核桃），雌虫在各世代的平均繁殖力相似，但在商业化苹果园（约10只）和未处理苹果园（约25只）之间存在差异。雌虫主要将卵聚集在果园边界沿线相邻的树上，但在第二代年度世代期间，它们也偶尔会将卵分散到不同果园，而与种植的寄主植物或果园间距离（最远698米）无关。两个产卵地点之间的平均距离为30米。雌虫有效数量和果园间迁移率（约5%）的同胞关系估计值与八个果园之间观察到的遗传分化（0.006 < F ( st ) < 0.013）一致。这些结果证实并扩展了先前对苹果蠹蛾的田间和实验室观察，并且表明基于遗传数据的同胞关系分配是用于推断昆虫种群动态的标记释放再捕获方法的一种有趣替代方法。
