Kumar Rajeev, Dhaliwal Upreet
Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Natl Med J India. 2011 May-Jun;24(3):166-9.
Many factors influence the career choices of undergraduate medical students. We sought to identify the career choices of medical students in an Indian medical college and what influenced these choices.
We conducted a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey. We included medical students of all semesters at a medical college. The sociodemographic data, first choice of career on the day of the questionnaire and rating of 34 factors influencing choices were recorded.
Two hundred and eighty-two questionnaires were analysed. The most preferred career choices were medicine and surgery, followed by orthopaedics; 3 students each chose obstetrics and gynaecology, and anaesthesia; none chose community medicine. Second-semester students made choices before and the rest after joining medical college. Significantly, senior students were disinclined to take up surgery (p=0.003), preferring orthopaedics instead (p=0.017). 'Personal interest' was rated by 80% of students as important in influencing their choice, followed by stability (58%), reputation of the specialty (56%) and lifestyle (55%).
The career choices of medical students at our institution were biased against some subjects. Often, choices develop during the course. Role modelling by faculty during departmental postings could be a factor influencing choice.
许多因素影响本科医学生的职业选择。我们试图确定一所印度医学院校医学生的职业选择以及影响这些选择的因素。
我们开展了一项基于问卷的横断面调查。纳入了一所医学院校所有学期的医学生。记录社会人口统计学数据、问卷当天的首选职业以及对34个影响职业选择因素的评分。
分析了282份问卷。最受欢迎的职业选择是内科和外科，其次是骨科；各有3名学生选择了妇产科和麻醉科；无人选择社区医学。第二学期的学生在进入医学院之前就做出了选择，其余学生则是在进入医学院之后做出选择。值得注意的是，高年级学生不太愿意从事外科工作（p = 0.003），而是更倾向于骨科（p = 0.017）。80%的学生认为“个人兴趣”对影响他们的选择很重要，其次是稳定性（58%）、专业声誉（56%）和生活方式（55%）。
我们院校医学生的职业选择对某些学科存在偏见。通常，职业选择是在学习过程中形成的。教师在科室实习期间的榜样作用可能是影响职业选择的一个因素。
