Abouezzeddine Omar F, Redfield Margaret M
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Congest Heart Fail. 2011 Jul-Aug;17(4):160-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7133.2011.00246.x. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
Summarizing current guidelines and advanced heart failure (AHF) clinical trials/registries, this review focuses on the current definition of AHF and emphasizes the secular trends in this definition over the last two decades. Further, clinical, imaging, hemodynamic, functional capacity and biomarker parameters that may aid clinicians to better recognize patients with AHF are reviewed. Finally, we review the limited data concerning the epidemiology of AHF which to date has been poorly characterized.
本综述总结了当前的指南以及晚期心力衰竭（AHF）临床试验/登记研究，重点关注AHF的当前定义，并强调了过去二十年中该定义的长期趋势。此外，还综述了可能有助于临床医生更好地识别AHF患者的临床、影像学、血流动力学、功能能力和生物标志物参数。最后，我们回顾了关于AHF流行病学的有限数据，迄今为止，这些数据的特征尚不明确。
