Lee John H, Jarreau Tara, Prasad Amit, Lavie Carl, O'Keefe James, Ventura Hector
John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Congest Heart Fail. 2011 Jul-Aug;17(4):199-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7133.2011.00239.x. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
Heart failure (HF) is a growing epidemic worldwide with a particularly large presence in the United States. Nutritional assessment and supplementation is an area that can be studied to potentially improve the outcomes of these chronically ill patients. There have been many studies reporting the effect of various nutrients on HF patients, often with mixed results. Amino acids such as taurine, which is involved in calcium exchange, has been reported to improve heart function. Coenzyme Q10, a key component in the electron transport chain, is vital for energy production. l-carnitine, an amino acid derivative, is responsible for transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria along with modulating glucose metabolism. Thiamine and the other B vitamins, which serve as vital cofactors, can often be deficient in HF patients. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation has been demonstrated to benefit HF patients potentially through anti-arrhythmic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Vitamin D supplementation can potentially benefit HF patients by way of modulating the renin-angiotensin system, smooth muscle proliferation, inflammation, and calcium homeostasis. Although supplementation of all of the above nutrients has the potential to benefit patients with HF, more studies are needed to solidify these recommendations.
心力衰竭（HF）在全球范围内呈日益流行之势，在美国尤为突出。营养评估与补充是一个值得研究的领域，有望改善这些慢性病患者的治疗效果。已有许多研究报告了各种营养素对心力衰竭患者的影响，结果往往参差不齐。诸如参与钙交换的牛磺酸等氨基酸，据报道可改善心脏功能。辅酶Q10是电子传递链中的关键成分，对能量产生至关重要。左旋肉碱是一种氨基酸衍生物，负责将脂肪酸转运至线粒体，并调节葡萄糖代谢。硫胺素和其他B族维生素作为重要的辅助因子，在心力衰竭患者中常常缺乏。补充ω-3脂肪酸已被证明可能通过抗心律失常和抗炎机制使心力衰竭患者受益。补充维生素D可能通过调节肾素-血管紧张素系统、平滑肌增殖、炎症和钙稳态，使心力衰竭患者受益。尽管补充上述所有营养素都有可能使心力衰竭患者受益，但仍需要更多研究来巩固这些建议。
