Monitoring, Evaluation and Research Unit, Cancer Institute NSW, Australian Technology Park, Eveleigh NSW, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2011 Jul 27;11:592. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-592.
Increasing rates of smoking cessation is one of the most effective measures available to improve population health. To advance the goal of increasing successful cessation at the population level, it is imperative that we understand more about smokers' use of cessation methods, as well as the helpfulness of those methods in real-world experiences of quitting. In this survey of recent quitters, we simultaneously examined rates of use and perceived helpfulness of various cessation methods.
Recent quitters (within 12 months; n = 1097) completed a telephone survey including questions relating to 13 cessation methods. Indices of use and perceived helpfulness for each method were plotted in a quadrant analysis. Socio-demographic differences were explored using bivariate and multivariate analyses.
From the quadrant analysis, cold turkey, NRT and gradual reduction before quitting had high use and helpfulness; GP advice had high use and lower helpfulness. Prescribed medication and online programs had low use but high helpfulness. Remaining methods had low use and helpfulness. Younger quitters were more likely to use unassisted methods such as cold turkey; older or less educated quitters were more likely to use assisted methods such as prescribed medication or advice from a general practitioner.
The majority of recent quitters quit cold turkey or cut down before quitting, and reported that these methods were helpful. Efforts to influence population smoking prevalence should attempt to provide support and motivation for smokers choosing these methods, in addition to assessing the effectiveness and accessibility of other methods for smokers who need or choose them.
提高戒烟成功率是改善人群健康最有效的措施之一。为了提高人群戒烟成功率，我们必须深入了解吸烟者使用的戒烟方法，以及这些方法在真实戒烟经历中的有效性。在这项对近期戒烟者的调查中，我们同时考察了各种戒烟方法的使用频率和感知有效性。
近期戒烟者（12 个月内；n=1097）完成了一项电话调查，其中包括与 13 种戒烟方法相关的问题。每种方法的使用频率和感知有效性都在象限分析中进行了绘制。使用单变量和多变量分析探讨了社会人口统计学差异。
从象限分析来看，突然完全戒烟、尼古丁替代疗法和逐渐减少吸烟量在戒烟前开始使用的比例较高，且被认为很有效；GP 建议的使用比例较高，但有效性较低。处方药物和在线计划的使用比例较低，但被认为很有效。其余方法的使用比例和有效性均较低。年轻的戒烟者更可能使用无辅助方法，如突然完全戒烟；年龄较大或受教育程度较低的戒烟者更可能使用有辅助方法，如处方药物或全科医生的建议。
大多数近期戒烟者突然完全戒烟或在戒烟前逐渐减少吸烟量，且报告称这些方法很有效。影响人群吸烟率的努力应该除了评估其他方法对需要或选择这些方法的吸烟者的有效性和可及性外，还要为选择这些方法的吸烟者提供支持和动力。
