Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Jafarzadeh H, Fallah M, Hekmat S, Bashiri J, Hosseingolizadeh G h, Soltanmohammadzadeh M S, Mortezazadeh A, Shaker A, Danehzan M, Zohouri A, Khosravi O, Nasimidoust R, Malekpour N, Kharazmi E, Babaei M, Nadirmohammadi M, Mashhadi-Abdollahi H
Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2011;7:417-24. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S22727. Epub 2011 Jul 11.
Reliable evidence is the keystone for any noncommunicable disease (NCD) prevention plan to be initiated. In this study we carried out a risk factor investigation based on the WHO Stepwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS).
The study was conducted on 1000 adults between 15 and 64 years of age living in Ardabil province, north-west Iran during 2006, based on the WHO STEPS approach to surveillance of risk factors for NCD. At this stage only the first and second steps were carried out. Data were collected through standard questionnaires and methods analyzed using STATA version 8 statistical software package.
29.0% of men and 2.6% of women were current daily tobacco smokers. The mean number of manufactured cigarettes smoked per day was 18.9 among current daily smokers. Smoking was most prevalent among men of low-income families and those of lower education. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.6 kg/m(2), and was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure. 58.9% were overweight or obese; 18.0% had raised blood pressure and 3.7% had isolated systolic hypertension. The mean number of servings of fruit consumed per day was 1.1; 33.1% had low levels of activity. Combined risk factor analysis showed that 4.1% of participants were in the low-risk group (up to 5.1% among men and 3.2% among women). Those in the high-risk group comprised 25.6% in the 25- to 44-year age group and 49.7% in the 45- to 64-year age group. Mean BMI increased by age in both sexes at least at the first three decades of adult life.
Based on observed status of risk for cardiovascular health, burden of cardiovascular diseases is expected to increase if an effective prevention strategy is not undertaken.
可靠证据是启动任何非传染性疾病（NCD）预防计划的基石。在本研究中，我们基于世界卫生组织逐步监测方法（STEPS）开展了一项风险因素调查。
2006年，基于世界卫生组织非传染性疾病风险因素监测的STEPS方法，对居住在伊朗西北部阿尔达比勒省的1000名15至64岁成年人进行了研究。在此阶段仅执行了第一步和第二步。通过标准问卷收集数据，并使用STATA 8版统计软件包对方法进行分析。
29.0%的男性和2.6%的女性为当前每日吸烟者。当前每日吸烟者中，每天吸食的成品香烟平均数量为18.9支。吸烟在低收入家庭男性和受教育程度较低者中最为普遍。平均体重指数（BMI）为26.6 kg/m²，且与收缩压显著相关。58.9%的人超重或肥胖；18.0%的人血压升高，3.7%的人患有单纯收缩期高血压。每天食用水果的平均份数为1.1份；33.1%的人活动水平较低。综合风险因素分析显示，4.1%的参与者属于低风险组（男性中高达5.1%，女性中为3.2%）。高风险组在25至44岁年龄组中占25.6%，在45至64岁年龄组中占49.7%。在成年后的至少前三十年中，男女的平均BMI均随年龄增长。
基于观察到的心血管健康风险状况，如果不采取有效的预防策略，心血管疾病负担预计将会增加。
