Krug Peter W, Lee Laura J, Eslami Angelique C, Larson Christopher R, Rodriguez Luis
Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA.
Biologicals. 2011 Jul;39(4):231-5. doi: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2011.06.016. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
Disinfection is a critical part of the response to transboundary animal disease virus (TADV) outbreaks by inactivating viruses on fomites to help control infection. To model the inactivation of TADV on fomites, we tested selected chemicals to inactivate Foot and Mouth Disease virus (FMDV), African Swine Fever virus (ASFV), and Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFV) dried on steel and plastic surfaces. For each of these viruses, we observed a 2 to 3 log reduction of infectivity due to drying alone. We applied a modified surface disinfection method to determine the efficacy of selected disinfectants to inactivate surface-dried high-titer stocks of these three structurally different TADV. ASFV and FMDV were susceptible to sodium hypochlorite (500 and 1000 ppm, respectively) and citric acid (1%) resulting in complete disinfection. Sodium carbonate (4%), while able to reduce FMDV infectivity by greater than 4-log units, only reduced ASFV by 3 logs. Citric acid (2%) did not totally inactivate dried CSFV, suggesting it may not be completely effective for disinfection in the field. Based on these data we recommend disinfectants be formulated with a minimum of 1000 ppm sodium hypochlorite for ASFV and CSFV disinfection, and a minimum of 1% citric acid for FMDV disinfection.
消毒是应对跨界动物疾病病毒（TADV）疫情的关键环节，通过使污染物表面的病毒失活来帮助控制感染。为了模拟TADV在污染物表面的失活情况，我们测试了选定的化学物质对干燥在钢铁和塑料表面的口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）、非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）和经典猪瘟病毒（CSFV）的灭活效果。对于每种病毒，我们观察到仅干燥就导致感染力降低2至3个对数。我们应用一种改良的表面消毒方法来确定选定消毒剂对这三种结构不同的表面干燥高滴度TADV储备液的灭活效果。ASFV和FMDV对次氯酸钠（分别为500和1000 ppm）和柠檬酸（1%）敏感，可实现完全消毒。碳酸钠（4%）虽然能使FMDV感染力降低超过4个对数单位，但只能使ASFV降低3个对数。柠檬酸（2%）不能完全灭活干燥的CSFV，这表明它在现场消毒可能不完全有效。基于这些数据，我们建议配制消毒剂时，ASFV和CSFV消毒的次氯酸钠含量至少为1000 ppm，FMDV消毒的柠檬酸含量至少为1%。
