CeDeF-Center for Dermatological Research, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology, University Clinics of Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
J Dermatolog Treat. 2012 Dec;23(6):437-42. doi: 10.3109/09546634.2011.593486. Epub 2011 Jul 31.
ELA-max (4% lidocaine) and EMLA cream (lidocaine-prilocaine 2.5%) are topicals used for superficial anesthesia. Only few studies have been published on their comparative effectiveness in close-to-practice pain models.
(1) To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of lidocaine cream compared with lidocaine-prilocaine cream and placebo. (2) To assess the safety and tolerability.
Randomized, three-arm, double-blind trial in 40 healthy volunteers comparing the anesthetic effects of Lidocaine and lidocaine-prilocaine cream to placebo at various time points (0-120 min). A standardized pain was induced by lancet pricks and measured by a visual analogue scale. Intra-individual comparison between the test areas was performed in a cross-over design.
Lidocaine showed significantly reduced pain compared to placebo at all assessment points. Pain reduction was achieved significantly earlier using lidocaine occlusively (30 min). No significant differences were found concerning the anesthetic efficacy of lidocaine and lidocaine-prilocaine cream. There were no relevant adverse events.
This study confirms that a topical preparation with 4% lidocaine is an effective and safe treatment option for superficial anesthesia. It supports the claim that an occlusive application is more rapid in action. 4% lidocaine is of value as a rapidly-acting local anesthetic for the treatment of minor surgical procedures.
ELA-max（4%利多卡因）和 EMLA 乳膏（利多卡因-丙胺卡因 2.5%）是用于表面麻醉的局部麻醉剂。只有少数研究发表了关于它们在接近实际疼痛模型中的比较有效性的研究。
（1）评估利多卡因乳膏与利多卡因-丙胺卡因乳膏和安慰剂相比的镇痛效果。（2）评估安全性和耐受性。
在 40 名健康志愿者中进行随机、三臂、双盲试验，比较利多卡因和利多卡因-丙胺卡因乳膏在不同时间点（0-120 分钟）对麻醉效果与安慰剂的比较。通过 lancet 刺痛诱导标准疼痛，并通过视觉模拟量表进行测量。在交叉设计中对测试区域进行个体内比较。
利多卡因在所有评估点均显著减轻疼痛，与安慰剂相比。使用利多卡因封闭（30 分钟）可更早地达到止痛效果。利多卡因和利多卡因-丙胺卡因乳膏的麻醉效果无显著差异。没有发现相关的不良事件。
本研究证实，4%利多卡因的局部制剂是一种有效且安全的浅表麻醉治疗选择。它支持了封闭应用起效更快的说法。4%利多卡因是治疗小手术的快速起效局部麻醉剂，具有价值。
