Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Br J Gen Pract. 2011 Jun;61(587):e333-9. doi: 10.3399/bjgp11X578007.
Although it is recognised that some women experience pain or bleeding during a cervical cytology test, few studies have quantified physical after-effects of these tests.
To investigate the frequency, severity, and duration of after-effects in women undergoing follow-up cervical cytology tests, and to identify subgroups with higher frequencies in Grampian, Tayside, and Nottingham.
Cohort study nested with a multi-centre individually randomised controlled trial.
The cohort included 1120 women, aged 20-59 years, with low-grade abnormal cervical cytology who completed a baseline sociodemographic questionnaire and had a follow-up cervical cytology test in primary care 6 months later. Six weeks after this test, women completed a postal questionnaire on pain, bleeding, and discharge experienced after the test, including duration and severity. The adjusted prevalence of each after-effect was computed using logistic regression.
A total of 884 women (79%) completed the after-effects questionnaire; 30% of women experienced one or more after-effect: 15% reported pain, 16% bleeding, and 7% discharge. The duration of discharge was ≤2 days for 66%, 3-6 days for 22%, and ≥7 days for 11% of women. Pain or bleeding lasted ≤2 days in more than 80% of women. Severe after-effects were reported by <1% of women. The prevalence of pain decreased with increasing age. Bleeding was more frequent among nulliparous women. Discharge was more common among oral contraceptive users.
Pain, bleeding, and discharge are not uncommon in women having follow-up cervical cytology tests. Informing women about possible after-effects could better prepare them and provide reassurance, thereby minimising potential non-adherence with follow-up or non-participation with screening in the future.
尽管人们认识到一些妇女在宫颈细胞学检查中会感到疼痛或出血，但很少有研究对这些检查的身体后遗症进行量化。
调查接受宫颈细胞学检查随访的妇女出现后遗症的频率、严重程度和持续时间，并确定在格兰扁、泰赛德和诺丁汉后遗症发生率较高的亚组。
嵌套于多中心个体随机对照试验的队列研究。
该队列包括 1120 名年龄在 20-59 岁之间、宫颈细胞学低度异常的妇女，她们完成了基线社会人口统计学问卷，并在 6 个月后在初级保健中进行了随访宫颈细胞学检查。在该检查后 6 周，妇女完成了一份关于检查后疼痛、出血和分泌物的邮寄问卷，包括持续时间和严重程度。使用逻辑回归计算每种后遗症的调整后患病率。
共有 884 名妇女（79%）完成了后遗症问卷；30%的妇女经历了一种或多种后遗症：15%报告疼痛，16%报告出血，7%报告分泌物。分泌物持续时间≤2 天的妇女占 66%，3-6 天的占 22%，≥7 天的占 11%。超过 80%的妇女疼痛或出血持续时间≤2 天。<1%的妇女报告严重后遗症。疼痛的患病率随年龄的增加而降低。初产妇出血更为常见。口服避孕药使用者分泌物更为常见。
在接受宫颈细胞学检查随访的妇女中，疼痛、出血和分泌物并不少见。告知妇女可能出现的后遗症可以更好地为她们做好准备，并提供安慰，从而最大限度地减少未来随访时潜在的不遵医行为或筛查时的不参与。
