Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit, National Health Institute, Rome, Italy.
Euro Surveill. 2011 Jul 21;16(29):19925.
Outbreaks of measles continue to occur in Italy, as in other European countries. We present here details of cases reported through the Italian enhanced measles surveillance system from July 2009 to September 2010. In total, 2,151 cases were reported, 42% (n=895) of which were laboratory confirmed. The median age of cases was 18 years and 1,709 of 1,856 cases (92%) were unvaccinated. Many cases with complications were reported (n=305), including three with encephalitis. A total of 652 of 1,822 cases (36%) were hospitalised. Molecular characterisation revealed circulation of a limited number of measles virus genotypes (D4, D8 and B3), which is consistent with the current epidemiology of the disease in Italy. A national measles elimination plan was approved in 2003 with the aim of interrupting endemic measles transmission by 2007. Since elimination was not achieved, the target date was recently moved to 2015. The emphasis of the new elimination plan, approved in March 2011, is on strengthening surveillance, implementing evidence based-interventions to increase measles-mumps-rubella vaccine uptake in children, adolescents and young adults, and implementing communication activities related to the vaccine. The strategies proposed by the plan should be implemented fully and appropriately by all regions in order to meet the elimination goal by 2015.
麻疹疫情在意大利和其他欧洲国家继续发生。我们在此介绍了 2009 年 7 月至 2010 年 9 月通过意大利强化麻疹监测系统报告的病例详情。共报告了 2151 例病例，其中 42%（n=895）为实验室确诊病例。病例的中位年龄为 18 岁，1856 例病例中有 1709 例（92%）未接种疫苗。报告了许多伴有并发症的病例（n=305），包括 3 例脑炎。共有 1822 例病例中的 652 例（36%）住院。分子特征分析显示，有少数几种麻疹病毒基因型（D4、D8 和 B3）在传播，这与意大利目前麻疹的流行情况一致。2003 年批准了一项国家麻疹消除计划，目的是到 2007 年阻断地方性麻疹传播。由于未能实现消除目标，最近将目标日期推迟到 2015 年。2011 年 3 月批准的新消除计划的重点是加强监测，实施基于证据的干预措施，提高儿童、青少年和青年的麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹疫苗接种率，并开展与疫苗相关的宣传活动。该计划提出的策略应由所有地区充分和适当实施，以实现到 2015 年消除麻疹的目标。
